| Flap 1 | Flap 2 |
| ACL | Anterior Cruciate Ligament/primary stablizer of the knee joint/ limits hyperextension on the knee |
| Menisci | fibrocartilage disc that protect the femur from rubbing on the tibia |
| Lachmans test | test for ACL disruption |
| Posterior cruciate ligament | prevents posterior movement of the tibia in relation to the femur |
| posterior drawer test | draw tibia posterior, mushy end feel +test for pcl damage= |
| MCL | resists valgus stress to the knee - enhances medial stability |
| terrible triad | ACL, MCL, MM |
| Valgus stress test | for MCL Stability |
| Pes Anserene tendons | SGT - sartorious, Gracillis, Semitendinosis |
| Varus Stress Test | for lateral collateral ligament |
| Patellofemoral Syndrome | Anterior pain that is worse when extending the knee, up/down stairs, incorrect patellar tracking during extension |
| Chondromalacia | softening of cartilage |
| patellofemoral compression test | test for chondromalacia |
| clarkes sign | test for chondromalacia, contract of quads |
| IT band friction syndrome | Overuse condition that causes lateral knee pain |
| Muscles that attach to IT band | Glute Max, TFL |
| Muscle that causes similar pain as IT band syndrome | Vastus Lateralis |
| Ober Test | Tests tightness in IT Band |
| Noble Compression test | Test for ITband friction syndrome |
| Function of Meniscus | Shock Absorber |
| Meniscal injury caused by | compressive force |
| Apley Compression test | test for meniscal damage |
| Apley distraction test | positive for ligament injury, client prone, traction tibia |
| Patellar tendinosis | Jumpers knee |
| Chronic loading on the patellar | Jumpers knee-patellar tendinosis |
| Hamstring muscles | Biceps femoris, Semitendinosis, semimembranosis |
| Where do strains occur most frequent? | At the point of insertion |
| Genum Valgum (valgus) | knock knee (lateral deviation of the distal tibia) |
| Genum Varum (varus) | Bow legged (medial deviation of the distal tibia |
| Genum recurvatum | locked knees |
| prepatellar bursitis | inflamation of the bursa below the patella |
