| Concept | Definition |
| 1st Cell Theory | All living things are composed of cells. |
| 2nd Cell Theory | The cell is the basic functional unit of life. |
| 3rd Cell Theory | Cells come from pre-existing cells. |
| 4th Cell Theory | Cells carry DNA (passed down from parent cell to daughter cell) |
| Prokaryote | Unicellular organism with a simple cell structure |
| Prokaryotic Cell Structure | Have outer cell membrane but no membrane-bound organelles.
Bacteria have cell wall, cell membrane (respiration), cytoplasm, ribosomes, flagella.
|
| Nucleus | No nucleus. Single-stranded, circular DNA is in nucleoid region. |
| Plasmids | Small rings of DNA containing, consisting of a few genes. Replicate independently, allowing the prokaryote to live in bad conditions |
| Eukaryote | Multicellular organisms and nonbacterial unicellular organisms |
| Eukaryotic Cell Structure | Cell bounded by cell membrane and contains cytoplasm.
Organelles suspended in cytosol. |
| Cell Membrane | Encloses the cell and exhibits selective permeability; regulates passage of materials in and out of the cell. |
| Fluid Mosaic Model (Cell Membrane) | Cell membrane consists of phospholipid bilayer with proteins embedded throughout.
|
| Hydrophilic vs Hydrophobic Phospholipids (Cell Membrane) | Hydrophilic (polar) phosphoric acid region- Found on the exterior surface of the membrane.
Hydrophobic (non-polar) phosphoric region- Found in the interior of the membrane. |
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