| vocabulary word | definition |
| energy | the ability to do work or cause a change |
| kinetic energy | energy due to motion |
| potential energy | energy that is stored in an object due to its position or arrangement |
| electromagnetic radiation | energy that travels through space in the form of light and other types of energy |
| thermal energy | the total of all the kinetic and potential energy of the atoms in an object |
| conduction | transfer of thermal energy between objects that are in contact |
| convection | the movement of warm liquids or gases to cooler areas |
