| Flap 1 | Flap 2 |
| Q The interspinalis are small mm. on either side of the interspinous ligaments. Where do they originate/insert? | A Sup surface SP to Inf surface SP above. |
| Q The intertransversarii mm. in the cervical region run from TP to TP, both on the ant. tubercle, and pos tubercle. What is the innervation of these mm.? | A Ant = ventral rami segmental nn., pos = dorsal rami segmental nn. This is the "division line" of the neurological body. |
| Q There are two sets of intertransversarii mm. in the lumbar region; lateral and medial. Which set is most anterior? | A The laterals connect the lateral part of the TP's, and are anterior to the medials. |
| Q The medial intertransversarii mm. in the lumbar region connect what? | A accessory processes and mamillary processes. These are the true TP's, whereas the lateral set in the lumbar region connect the would-be costal elements. |
| Q On a typical cervical vertebrae, what is considered the would-be costal element? | A the anterior tubercle. This is where the anterior intertransversarii mm. attaches, and is similar to the lateral inter...rii in the lumbar region |
| Q The levator costarum elevates the ribs. What are it's origins? | A TP's of C7-T11 |
| Q The levator costarum stretches from the TP of ribs C7-T11 to ribs above or below? | A they pass inferolaterally to attach on ribs inferior to their origin |
| Q The L. costarum brevis attaches 1 rib below, and the L costarum longus attaches 2 ribs below. What ribs serve as attachments for the longus? | A only the last four ribs |
| Q what is the most inf. vertebra w/ an attachment for L costarum longus? | A T10, which attaches to rib 12 (T12) |
| Q what is the most sup. vertebra w/ an attachment for the L costarum longus? | A T7, which attaches to rib 9 (T9) |
| Q What is the innervation of the levatores costarum? | A dorsal rami of spinal nn. |
| Q "kinesiology monitors" are found in the small mm. of the back, in the deep layers of the deep group. There is a high concentration of what two things found here? | A MSC's (m. spindle cells) which measure m. tension, and GTO's (golgi tendon organs) that inhibit/prevent m. tearing |
| Q What are the attachments for the serratus anterior? | A***from the med border of the scapula to ribs 1-10 |
| Q Review the attachments for the SOT. Try drawing the little triangle picture from systemic on a peice of scratch paper nearby and label the m. | A Seriously, stop flipping cards and do it. |
| Q what is the roof of the SOT? | A semispinalis capitis |
| Q What is the floor of the SOT? | A aside from the pos. arch of the atlas (which would make a bad floor) it is lined with the "pos. atlanto-occipital membrane" |
| Q What innervates the SOT? Where does this n. run? | A The suboccipital n., which passes between the vertebral artery and the pos arch of the atlas |
| Q What is the key to the SOT? | A The semispinalis cervicis. Following this m. to its sup attachment will lead you to the SP of C2, and allow you to hone in on the harder-to-sort-out SOT. |
| Q The rectus capitis pos. minor runs mostly in what direction? Think of how the body is oriented, not your paper. | A horizontal |
| Q This m has the highest number of proprioceptors in the body? | A The obliquus capitis inferioris. cool, 'eh? |
| Q This n. exits the _____ rami of C2 | A dorsal rami greater occipital |
| Q What is the insertion of the obliquus capitis superioris? | A on the occiput, BETWEEN the sup/inf nuchal line. |
| Q What is the only capitis m. not attached to the cranium? | A ob. cap. inf. |
| Q This n. pierces both the trapezius AND the semispinalis. | A greater occipital n., which is from the DORSAL rami of C2, and gives cutaneous innervation to pos. scalp/neck |
| Q Where is the greater occipital n. located in relation to the SOT? | A it appears inf. to the inf oblique m. of the SOT |
| Q This n. also pierces the trapezius m., and is from the dorsal rami of C3. Where is this n. in relation to the greater occipital? | A The least/3rd occipital n., found medially to the greater occ. |
| Q The lesser occipital n. is from the ____ rami of ____, gives cutaneous innervation to nek/scalp, and is found ______ in relation to the greater occipital. | A C2-3 ventral rami, found laterally to greater occ. n. |
| Q How many total vertebrae are there? How many are moveable? | A 33 total, 24 moveable |
| Q Sacralization occurs in what percent of the population? | A 5%. This is where L5 becomes sacral. Lumbarization is where S1 becomes lumar |
| Q Where are the accessory processes on lumbar vertebrae? What about the thoracic? | A On the pos. aspect of the lumbar TP's, and there aren't any in the thoracic region |
| Q Where are vertebral notches located? | A in the pedicle, between the body and articular processes, on BOTH sup/inf sides |
| Q What are the costal elements in the Cervical region called, and where are they located? | A The cervical vertebrae have a sort of dual tubercle TP, the pos. tubercle being the true TP, and the ant. tubercle being the "costal element". (the ant tubercle on C6 is called the "carotid tubercle" |
| Q What is the name of the area between the ant/pos. tubercle on a typical cervical vertebrae? | A the costotransverse bar |
| Q On what aspect of the vertebral body are uncinate processes located? | A superolateral aspect |
| Review what directions the articular facets face on different vertebral regions. | Try doing that hand thing....guillotine the head, pat the back, karate chop? the lumbars |
| Where does the transverse ligament attach in the upper cervical spine? | The atlas has tubercles on both sides of the articular facet for the dens where the transverse ligament will attach. |
