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| Middle Ages | A period in European history between a.d. 500 and about the 1400s. |
| feudalism | Starting in Europe around a.d. 800, a system for organizing and governing society, based on land and service. |
| feif | In Middle Ages, a property given to a vassal in exchange for loyalty. |
| vassal | In Middle Ages, a noble who usually was given a feif in exchange for loyalty. |
| serf | In Middle Ages, a person who was bound to work on a noble's manor. |
| manor | In Middle Ages, a large self-sufficient estate granted to a lord and worked by serfs. |
| chivalry | The qualities of the ideal kinght, including politeness, bravery, honor, ond protecting the weak. |
| Magna Carta | A legal document written by English lords in 1215 that stated certain rights of the barons, merchants, and clergy, which limited the power of the king. |
| Charlemagne | born- a.d. 742,
died- a.d. 814,
A Frankish king and emperor from 800 to 814 |
| William the Conqueror | born- a.d. 1027, died- a.d. 1087, Duke of Normandy; in 1066 he became the first Norman king of England. |
| Eleanor of Aquitane | born- a.d. 1122, died- a.d.1204, Queen of France and later of England; encouraged development of medieval art, potery, and culture. |
| King John | Once king of England, in 1215 was forced to sign the Magna Carta. |
