9th Grade Science - --

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Science questions
Science answers
neutron   a subatomic particle with no electrical charge found within the cucleus of an atom  
carbonate   any mineral containing the CO 3 2- ion  
corundum   two forms of this mineral are ruby and sapphire  
covalent bond   type of chemical bond within a molecule that involves the sharing of electroms from one atom to another  
quark theory   timy particls are thought to compose protons, neutrons, and certain other subatomic particles  
thermocline   the boundary in the ocean where cold deep ocean water meets the suarmed water nearer the surface  
exothermic reaction   a chemical reaction in which hear energy is released  
second law of thermodynamics   states that heat and other natual processes in a system always tend toward less usable energy and greater disorder  
sedimentary rock   type of rock formd when depsists of sand and mineral fagments are cemented together  
precision   the repeatability or consistency of a series of measurements  
strtus clouds   heavy clouds that form a flat, gray layer not far above the ground  
stratosphere   the layer of the earth's atmospere having strong steady inds but few changes of weather  
amino acids   the building blocks of proteins  
cleavage   the tendency of a minera to break readily along certain flat surfaces, producing fragments with the same shape as a parent mineral  
climate   th year round atmospheric conditions typical of a certain place  
dipolar force   intermolecular force that affects all polar moleules  
electron   a negatively charged subatomic particle that orbits the ucleus of an atom; most atoms seek to have 8 electrons in ther outer shell  
entropy   the amount of decay or disorder in a system  
hurricane   a storm with winds that exceed 4 mph  
kilo   1,000  
oceanography   the study of the seas  
metamorphic rock   type of rock fomed when preexisting rocks are altered by heat or pressure  
plate tectonics theory   states that the eath's crust and upper mantle consist of huge plates that slowly drift as a result of convection currents in the mantle  
atmosphericpresure   14.7 psi at sea level  
carbon   two forms of this element are graphite and diamond  
gene   a segment of DNA containing the codes for a specific substance, task or characteristic  
ozone   harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun is blocked by O2 nd O3 in the oxide layer of the upper stratosphere  
nuceus of an atom   contains protons and neutrons  
nuclear fission   the splitting of an atomic nucleus  
marble   example of metamorphic rock  
cumulus clouds   white billowy cloud that resembles a pile of cotton puffs in the sky  
atomic mass   the average mass (protons and newutrons) of the various isotopes of an element compared to the mass of a carbon-12 atom  
mineralogy   study of inorganic crystalline substances found naturally in the earth  
scientific law   a verified theory that has stood the test of time  
280,000 is equivalent to what number in scientific notation?   2.8x10 5  
thermosphere   a layer of the earth's atmosphere characterized by high temperatures but is practically a vacuum  
tsunamis   gigantic sea waves formed by earthquakes, volcanic explosis, or undersea landslides  
London force   a weak intermolecular force that exists between all molecules, causes by temporary imbalance in electrons distribution  
7 ph   a neutral substance  
crust   the earth's outer layer of rock  
specific gravity   the ratio of an object's density to the density of water  
shale   the most common sedimentary rock  
centi   1/100  
seismograph   an insrument used to record the vibrations causes by earthquakes  
cirrus clouds   a high, thin, delicate cloud, consisting of ice crystals  
convection   heat transferred by warm currents within a fluid  
conglomerate rock   a sedimentary rock that consists of smooth pebbles embedded in hardened sand or clay  
stratum   a single layer of sedimentary rock  
electrolysis   the process of passing an electric current through a sloutio in order to cause a chemical reaction  
proton   a positively charged subatomic particle found within the nucleus of an atom  
igneous rock   type of rock formed when magma or molten rock solidies  
accuracy   the exactness of a measurement  
beryl   two morms of this mineral are emerald and aquamarine  
geology   the study of the earth  
nimbo   means rain  
exosphere   the outermost layer of the earth's atmosphere  
mixture   substances composed of elements or compounds that are physically mixed but not chemically united  
less that 7 ph   an acid  
ore   any mneral that contains a valuable metallic element  
endothermic reaction   a chemical reaction in which the products grow colder than the reactants  
sodim chloride (table salt)   the most common substance dissolved in the sea  
SI or metric system   the system of measurement used by scentist around the world  
front   a boundary between two air masses  
pumice   metamorphic porous, lightweight rock  
ionic bond   type of chemical bond within a moleculer that involves the transfer of electrons from on atom to anothyer  
native element   a element that occurs naturally in its pure form, uncombined with other elements  
Gulf Stream   a well-known ocean current that flows up the coast of north america and then sweeps across the Atlantic toward Europe  
scientific method   observing, hypothesizing, experimenting  
weather   the state of the earth's atmosphere at a givin time and plcae  
elastic rebound theory   states that rocks spring back to a position of little or not strain at the moment of an earthquake, causing vibrations in the earth's crust  
organic chemistry   the study of compound containing the element carbon  
sediment   deposits of sand and mineral fragments, usually laid down by water  
hydrogen bond   the strongest of all intermolecular forces  
luster   the way light is reflected from the surfa of a mineral crystal  
mesosphere   third layer of the earth's atmosphere  
meteorology   study of the earth's atmosphere and weather  
challenger deep   the deepest known point in the sea, located in the marianas trench near gum  
quantum theory   states that tiny particles such as electrons do not absorb or release energy smoothly  
San Andreas fault   a large, well-known strike-slip fault in western California  
obsidian   igneous rock with a smooth, glasslike texture  
compound   substances composed of different types of atoms linked together  
milli   1/1,000  
.0031 is equivalent to what number in scientific notation   3.1x10-3  
nitrogen   the most abundant gas in the atmosphere  
tornado   a narrow funnel of powerful, rapidly whirling winds, usually created b a severe thunderstorm  
troposphere   the "weather layer" of the atmosphere  
conduction   the transfer of heat by direct contact  
greenhouse effect   the trapping of heat in the earth's atmosphere by gasses such as water vapor and carbon dioxide  
atomic number   the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom  
element   substances composed of only one type of atom  
vapor pressure   the tendency of the molecules of a liquid at a givin temperature to evaporate as a result of random molecular motion  
more than 7   ph of a base  
enzyme   a special globular protein uesed to initiate or regulate a chemical reaction in a cel  
oxygen   the most abundant element in the earth's crust  
seismology   the study of the earthquakes  
precious stone   the rarest, most durable, and most beautiful minerals of all prized for their hardness, color, and "fire"  
hardness   the resistance of the smooth surface of a mineral to being scratched  
granite   the most common of all igneous rock  
sandstone   a sedimentary rock that consists of grains of sand (quartz) cemented tighter into rock  


   

 
 

 
 

 

 

 
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