Ch. 11

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What are mood disorders?

-Disturbances in emotions, Distress and Dysfunction

Major Depressive Disorder

-Lasts over 2 weeks, May end or recur again. -Depressed for most of day, weight change, suicidal thoughts, daily fatigue

Biological Influences for Depression/Mania

-Inherited vulnerability, -Altered neurotransmitters, and neurohormonal systems, sleep deprivation, circadian rhythm disturbances

Which neurotransmitters are factors in mood disorders?

Norepinephrine, dopamine, seratonin. MAO (monoamine Oxidases)

Defecit of neurotransmitters causes:

depression

Excess of neurotransmitters causes:

Mania

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

NE - Norepinephrine

Monoamine Oxidases Inhibitors (MAOIs)

NE - Norepinephrine

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)

5-HT Serotonin

Other ways to help mood disorders:

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT), Psychotherapy, Target Interpersonal Relationships, Cognitive, Behavioral

Treatment for Bipolar Disorder:

Individual and family psychotherapy, Lithium (60%-80%),

Treatment for Seasonal Affective Disorder

Light Therapy

Dysthymic Disorder:

Depressed mood that is chronic and relatively continual in nature

Single Manic Episode: (Bi-I)

Presence of only one manic episode and no past major depressive episodes

Most recent episode hypomanic: (Bi-I)

Currently (or most recently) in a hypomanic episode, with at least one previous manic episode.

Most recent episode Manic: (Bi-I)

Currently (or most recently) in a manic episode, w/ at least one previous major depressive, hypomanic, or manic episode.

Most recent episode mixed: (Bi-I)

Currently (or most recently) in a mixed episode (i.e. every day during at least one-week period depression and manic criteria both met)

Most recent episode Depressed: (Bi-I)

Currently (or most recently) in a major depressive episode, w/ at least one previous manic episode

Most recent episode unspecified: (Bi-I)

Currently (or most recently) meets criteria for manic, hypomanic, or major depressive episode except for duration. (i.e., episode not long enough to meet criteria) at least one previous manic episode

Recurrent major depressive episodes w/ hypomania (Bi-II)

One or more depressive episodes and presence of at least one hypomanic episode; never has a manic episode.

Cyclothymic Disorder

Chronic hypomanic condition w/ a risk for developing bipolar disorder.