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| The basic functions of a computer are to accept_____, process data, store data, and produce output. |
input |
| A computer processes data in the________ processing unit. |
central |
| The idea of a_______ program means that instructions for a computing task can be loaded into a computer's memory. |
stored |
| The_______ unit is the case that holds the main circuit boards, processor, power supply, and storage devices for a personal computer system. |
system |
| A device is an integral part of a computer but that can be added to a computer is called a________ device. |
peripheral |
| Executable files usually have a_______ extension. |
filename |
| An________ system is the software that acts as the master controller for all of the activities that take place within a computer system. |
operating |
| The main routes of the Internet are referred to as the Internet_________. |
backbone |
| Communication between all of the different devices on the Internet is made possible by_ _ _ /IP. |
TCP |
| Most of the data and information that's accessible on the Internet is stored on _____ that are maintained by various businesses and organizations. |
servers |
| An Internet connection requires a device called a ______ to convert signals so they can travel from the computer to the ISP. |
modem |
| A popular way to receive audio content via the Internet that you can listen to on a portable mp3 player is through______. |
podcasting |
| A _____ is a written personal journal posted on the Web for access by the general public. |
blog |
| The process of entering a user ID and password is referred to as ___ __. |
logging in |
| Every Web page has a unique address called a _ _ _. |
URL |
| A browser assembles a Web page on your computer screen according to the specifications contained in the _ _ _ _ tags. |
HTML |
| Whenever you start your browser, it displays your ____ page. |
home |
| A ___ ___ fetches and displays Web pages. |
history list |
| Store-and-forward technology stores messages on an email ___ until they are forwarded to an individual's computer. |
server |
| For many email systems, a _ _ _ server handles incoming mail, and an _ _ _ _ server handles outgoing mail |
POP, IMAP |
| Data on an optical storage medium is stored as ___ and lands. |
pits |
| ______ time is the average time that it takes a computer to locate data on a storage medium and read it. |
Access |
| A computer can move direcly to any file on a _____ access device, but must start at the beginning and read through all of the data on a _____ access device. |
random, sequential |
| Higher disk ____ provides increased storage capacity. |
density |
| Printer _____ Language is the most widely used language for communication between computers and printers. |
Control |
| Ultra ATA refers to a type of _____ used by a hard disk drive. |
controller |
| Printer output is measured by ____ ___ ___ (ppm). |
pages per minute |
| A variety of compact storage cards, pens, and sticks can be classified as ___ ___ storage, which stores data in a nonvolatile, erasable, low-power chip. |
solid state |
| The _____ bus carries data from RAM to peripheral devices. |
expansion |
| AGP and PCI are types of expansion ___, which are a part of a personal computer's motherboard. |
slots |
| Many peripheral devices come packaged with device ___ software. |
driver |
| Color printouts typically take ___ to print than black-and-white printouts. |
longer |
| Most people set their monitors to a _____ of 800x600 or 1024x768. |
resolution |
| The number of colors that a monitor can display is referred to as bit ____. |
depth |
| The advantages of an LCD _____ include display clarity, low radiation emission, and portability. |
monitor |
| The most popular printers for personal computers are ___ ___, which are inexpensive and produce good quality color printouts. |
ink jet |
| Today's PCs include a feature called Plug and ___ that automatically takes care of technical details for installing peripheral devices. |
play |
| A _____key, such as the [Ctrl] key, is used in conjunction with other keys to expand the functionality of each key. |
modifier |
| TrackPoints and touchpads are alternative ____ devices often found on notebook computers. |
input |
| A read-write ____ is a mechanism in the disk drive that reads and writes the magnetized particles that represent data. |
head |
| Software can be divided into two major categories: application software and _____ software. |
system |
| Software usually contains support programs and data files, in addition to a main ______ file that you run to start the software. |
executable |
| Instructions that are written in a _____ -level language must be translated into _____ language before a computer can use them. |
high, machine |
| A _____ translates all of the instructions in a program as a single batch, and the resulting machine language instructions are placed in a new file. |
compiler |
| To run more than one program at a time, the operating system must allocate specific areas of _____ for each program. |
memory |
| A _____ user interface provides a way for a user to interact with the software using a mouse and graphical objects on the screen. |
graphical |
| A ___ ___ operating system is designed to deal with input, output, and processing requests from many users. |
multi user |
| A _____ operating system provides communications and routing services that allow computers to share data, programs, and peripheral devices. |
network |
| Palm OS and Windows Mobile OS are two of the most popular operating systems for ___/ ___ computers. |
personal/ handheld |
| Linux is an example of open _____ software. |
source |
| If you need to either send files or get files from another computer or a Web site, you could use a ____ _____ utility, even though many Web sites offer automated downloads. |
file transfer (FTP) |
| ________ software helps you work with wireframes, CAD drawings, photos, and slide presentations. |
Graphics. |
| ____ _____ customize the look and feel of media players and DVD burners. |
Skins utilities |
| _____ market software is designed to automate specialized tasks in a specific market or business. |
Vertical |
| To combat piracy, many software publishers require users to type in a ________ code- a long sequence of numbers and letters typically supplied separately from the software itself-- to complete an installation. |
validation |
| _ _ _ is a music compression file that stores digitized music in such a way that quality is excellent but the file size is relatively small. |
MP3 |
| ______laws provide software authors with the exclusive right to copy, distribute, sell, and modify their work, except under special circumstances. |
Copyright |
| __________ is copyrighted software that is marketed with a "try before you buy" policy. |
Shareware |
| A ____ license is generally priced at a flat rate and allows software to be used on all computers at a specific location. |
site |
| Public _____ software is not copyrighted, making it available for use without restriction, except that you cannot apply for a copyright on it. |
domain |
| The _____number system represents numeric data as a series of 0s and 1s. |
binary |
| ASC11 is used primarily to represent _____data. |
character |
| Kilo is usually a prefix that means _____; therefore 50K means ______. |
1,000 ; 50,000 |
| Digital ____ makes it possible for a computer to manipulate simple "on" and "off" signals to perform complex tasks. |
electronics |
| An integrated _____ contains microscopic circuit elements, such as wires, transistors, and capacitors that are packed onto a very small square of semiconducting material. |
circuit |
| The _ _ _in the processor performs arithmetic and logical operations. |
ALU |
| The _____ _____ in the CPU directs and coordinates the operation of the entire computer system. |
control unit |
| The timing in a computer system is established by the _____ _____> |
processor clock |
| In RAM, microscopic electronic parts called _____ hold the electrical signals that represent data. |
capacitors |
| The instructions for the operations your computer performs when it is first turned on are permanenty stored in _ _ _. |
ROM |
| System configuration information about the hard disk, date, and RAM capacity is stored in Battery-powered _ _ _ _ memory. |
CMOS |
| An operating systems filenaming _______ provide a set of rules for naming files. |
conventions |
| A file ______ refers to the arrangement of data in a file and the coding scheme that is used to represent the data. |
format |
| The main directory of a disk is sometimes referred to as the _____ directory. |
root |
| A file's location is defined by a file ________, which includes the drive letter, folder(s), filename, and extension. |
specification |
| Windows XP maintains a File ________ Table, which contains the name and location of every file on a disk. |
Allocation |
| The ____ ___ command on an application's File menu allows you to name a file and specify its storage location. |
Save As |
| Use the ______ __ command to change the name of an existing file or folder to better describe its contents. |
Save As |
| On magnetic media, such as a hard disk, data is stored in concentric circles called ______, which are divided into wedge-shaped ______. |
tracks, sectors |
| Windows Explorer is an example of a file _________ utility. |
management |
