atomc structure
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| proposed the existence of atom | Democritus
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| thought that matter can be subdivided until a single indivisible particle was reached | Democritus
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| who proposed an atomic model in the early 1800's | Dalton
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| Who thought that atoms of the same atoms were identical | Dalton
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| thought that atoms of different elements were different | Dalton
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| thought compounds formed when atoms of two or more elements combine | Dalton
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| plum pudding model | thomason's idea
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| negatively charge electrons embedded in positively charged material | plum pudding model
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| discovered the electron | thomason
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| discovered that the atom is basically empty space | rutherford
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| credited with the discovery of the nucleus | rutherford
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| gold foil experiment | rutherford's experiment
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| used alpha particles to study structure of the atom | rutherford
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| concluded that the atom was mostly empty space with a dense positively charged nucleus in the center | rutherford
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| was danish scientist | bohr
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| proposed that the negative electrons were held in orbit by the positive nucleus | bohr
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| thought that electrons moved in definite orbits around the nucleus | bohr
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| solar system model | bohr's model
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| proposed that electrons are located in energy levels | bohr
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| thought electrons were located at certain distances from the nucleus | bohr
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| wave model | modern atomic model
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| wave model | proposes that electrons do not move in definite orbits
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| wave model | impossible to determine exact electron location
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| wave model | location of electron depends on the amount of energy the electron possesses
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| proton | is a positively charged subatomic particle
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| protons | are located in the nucleus
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| a proton | is slightly smaller in mass than the neutron
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| neutron | is the largest subatomic particle
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| an electron | is negatively charged subatomic particle
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| an electron | is the smallest subatomic particle
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| an electron | are found in "energy cloud"
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| atomic number | determines the identity of atom
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| isotopes | atoms of same element that "weigh" differently
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| isotopes | are atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons
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| mass number | number of particles in the nucleus of an atom
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| mass number | is the number of protons + number of neutrons
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| an electron clouds | is the space around the nucleus where electrons are found
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| two electrons | is the maximum number of electrons in the first energy level
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| eight electrons | is the maximum number of electrons in the second energy level
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| eighteen electrons | is the maximum number of electrons in the third energy level
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| thirty two electrons | maximum number of electrons in the fourth energy level
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| quark | believed to makeup subatomic particles
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| electromagnetic forces | force acting between charged bodies
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| repulsion | is the force between two like charged bodies
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| attraction | is the force between two unlike charged bodies
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| strong force | is responsible for holding the nucleus together
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| weak force | is responsible for the process known as radioactive decay
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| protons | are positively charged subatomic particle
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| Which subatomic particle is least massive? | electron
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| Which subatomic particle is most massive? | neutron
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| Almost all the mass of an atom is located where? | within thenucleus
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| The atomic number of sulfur is 16. How many electrons are there in an atom of sulfur-34? | eighteen
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| Atoms emit energy as light when | electrons move to a lower energy level
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| Which part of Dalton's theory was modified after the discovery of isotopes? | Dalton assumed that all atoms of the same element were identical in all ways. However, they may differ in the number of neutrons present.
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| What did Thomason's experiment prove? | proved that the atoms are made of even smaller particles.
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| What must be true if an atom is electrically neutral? | the atom must contain within itself an equal number of electrons and protons.
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| electron configuration | is the arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of the atom
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| energy levels | are the possible energies that electrons in an atom can have.
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| an electron cloud | is a visual model of the most likely locations for the electrons in an atom.
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| the gain or lose energy may result in ______________. | an electron in an atom can from from one energy level to another
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| In 1897, J.J. Thomson used a cathode ray tube to deduce the presence of a negatively charged particle:__________________ | electron
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| Atoms are neutral, so there must be positive particles in the atom to balance the ______________ of the electrons | negative charge
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| Alpha particles are __________ nuclei | helium
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| ________________ model was called a “nuclear model” | rutherford's
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| Elements are different because they contain different numbers of _______________ | protons
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| The ______________________ of an element is the number of protons in the nucleus | atomic number
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| __________________ is the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus | mass number
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| Atoms of the same element can have different numbers of ________________. | neutron
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| __________________ is the average of all the naturally occurring isotopes of that element. | atomic mass
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