Biomechanics and kinesiology
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| Proper body positioning reduces | Possibility of fatigue and muscle strain
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| Proper body positioning promotes | Efficient movement which increases strength, power, and pressure, decreases possibility of injury, enhances quality and effectiveness of massage, promotes energy or chi, increases career life span
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| Wrist problems | Overuse can lead to problems such as carpal tunnel and osteoarthritis
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| Back problems | Poor posture of the spine and excessive leaning over can lead to neck and shoulder problems as well as muscle spasms and problems of the back and spine
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| Arm problems | Overuse of arms can lead to nerve entrapment and fatigue in the arms and shoulders
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| Main source of strength comes from | Lower body not the arms and shoulders
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| Balance on both feet with | Knees bent
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| Keep the back | Straight and head up
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| Use the pelvis and torso to | Provide leverage and strength needed to apply pressure
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| Elbows and hands should stay | Close to the body
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| Shoulders and wrists should stay | Relaxed
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| Used substitutes when | More pressure or relief is needed
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| Keep wrists and hands | In alignment with the movement
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| Avoid | Small, repetitive movements
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| If injury or excessive strain occurs | Rest until it heals
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| Adjust the table height to allow for | Proper posture in relation to client size
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| Proprioception | Special sense in the body that enables us to detect body position and movement
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| Proprioceptors | Specialized nerve receptors found in joints, tendons, and muscles that sense body position
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| Muscle spindles | Proprioceptors mostly found in the bellies of muscles, provide information about the length or change in length of skeletal muscles
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| Golgi tendon organs | Proprioceptors located where muscles join with tendons, prevent tendons from being torn by inhibiting excessive muscle tension on tendons
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| First class levers | Fulcrum is located between force and weight, allow variable mechanical advantage also called teeter-totter levers ex. triceps with elbow as fulcrum
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| Second class levers | Weight is situated between the force and fulcrum, great for generating power, also called "nutcracker" or "wheelbarrow" levers ex. jaw
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| Third class levers | Force is located between the weight and fulcrum, great for generating speed, also called "baseball bat" or "shovel of dirt" levers ex. hips
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| Muscle twitch | Single contraction followed by relaxation
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| Tetanus | Sustained contraction
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| Isometric contraction | Muscle contracts but no change in length
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| Isotonic contraction | Muscle contracts and changes length
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| Concentric contraction | Muscle contracts and shortens
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| Eccentric contraction | Muscle contracts and lengthens
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| Agonist | Prime mover
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| Prime mover | Muscle that is most responsible for movement
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| Synergist | Muscle that helps perform a movement
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| Antagonist | Muscle that works against another muscle and performs the opposite action
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