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All 40 vocabulary terms listed on study guide

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
Weathering   the process in which rocks are broken up by the action of water, the atmosphere, and organisms  
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Erosion   the process by which earth materials are moved by natural agents like moving water, wind and ice  
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Deposition   a collection of eroded material such as deposits of sand, dirt, or pebbles  
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Chemical Weathering   the breakdown or decomposition of rock that takes place when minerals are changed into different substances  
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Mechanical weathering   disintegration that takes place when rock is broken into smaller pieces without changing its chemical composition  
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Abrasion   the wearing away of rock by grinding action  
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gradient   a change in elevation over distance  
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oxbow lake   water remaining in an isolated meander in a flood plain  
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meander   a wide curve in a stream channel  
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mouth   the end of a river where it joins a lake or ocean  
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source   the place from which something comes  
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bed   the bottom of the river  
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banks   the sides of the river  
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delta   the fan shaped deposit of sediments at the mouth of a stream  
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waterfall   a steep descent of water from a height  
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Back swamps   swamps that form in the lowest areas of flood plains  
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plunge pool   a deep pool created by a waterfall  
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stream load   the sediments carried by a stream  
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rejuvenate   to make a river younger  
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flood plain   part of the valley floor that may be covered with water during a flood  
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Cut bank   the outer curve of a meander  
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point bar   the inside of a meander where deposition occurs  
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tributary   a small stream of water that feeds a river  
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sand bar   the long ridge of sand collected where water slows down  
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Velocity   the speed and direction of water flow  
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terrace   is a “staircase” carved out by water when a river is changing gradient.  
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sea cliff   a cliff formed at a shoreline by wave erosion undercutting rock followed by a collapse.  
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sea cave   an opening in a sea cliff due to erosion  
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sea arch   a sea cave that has been eroded all the way through, so there is an entrance and an exit.  
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sea stack   a sea arch that has collapsed in the middle  
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bay   a small gulf  
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longshore current   a current that runs parallel to the beach and moves sand down the beach  
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Swash   the motion of water pushed up a beach by breaking waves  
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Backwash   is a gentle current of water that runs down a beach slope under an upcoming wave  
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sandbar   a long ridge of sand collected where water slows down  
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Spit   a line of sand that is attached to land  
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sea wall   a wall or embankment to protect the shore from erosion or to act as a break water  
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Riprap rock   rocks put in a sea cave to slow the erosion of sea cliffs  
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jetty   a wall that causes a buildup of sand due to a longshore current  
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Fetch   an area of open ocean that a wave travels across  
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