| Definition | vocab word |
| a land surrounded by water on three sides | peninsula |
| peninsula in east-central Greece, on the Aegean Sea | Attica |
| a peninsula in southern Greece, between the Ionian and Aegean Seas | Peloponnesus |
| the second largest of the Greek islands in the Aegean Sea | Rhodes |
| A Greek island in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, largest of the Aegean islands | Crete |
| an ancient sea power located on the Eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea | Phonecia |
| a territory that is undere the control of another, usually distant country | colony |
| a city-state in ancient Greece | polis |
| an ancient Greek city-state located on the southern tip of the Peloponnesus | Sparta |
| capital of Greece | Athens |
| people conquered by Sparta who were forced to live as slaves | helot |
| central marketplace in ancient Atherns | agora |
| a hilltop fortress in ancient Athens which included the parthenon | Acropolis |
| a narrow mountain pass in Central Greece where the Spartans defeated the Persians | Thermopylae |
| A plain in Attica, Greece, where the Atheneians defeated the Persians in 490 BC | Marathon |
| Greek historian; known as the "father of history" | Herodotus |
| a system of government ruled by a king or queen | monarchy |
| a type of government in which all power is held in the hands of one ruler | tyranny |
| a government ruled by a few people, usually by members of rich, powerful families | oligarchy |
| government run by the people, in which citizens make their own laws | democracy |
| basic lawmaking body in any democracy, made up of a group of citizens | assembly |
| Athenenian leader, led Athens during the height of its power and influence | Pericles |
| stories about gods or goddesses | myth |
| great poet of ancient Greece, wrote the Illiad and the Odyssey | Homer |
| a long poem | epic |
| one of the writers of tragedies in ancient Greece | Aeschylus |
| a type of play developed by ancient Greeks, in which life is treated seriously and which usually has a sad ending | tragedy |
| a play that is funny and usually has a happy ending | comedy |
| one of the most famous writers of comedies in ancient Greec | Aristophanes |
| a study of the nature and purpose of life | philosophy |
| Greek philosopher and teacher | Socrates |
| Greek philosopher, student of Socrates | Plato |
| Greek historian who observed and wrote about the Peloponnesian War | Thucydides |
| empire north of Greece | Macedonia |
| King of Macedonia, father of Alexander the Great | Philip ll |
| King of Macedonia from 336-323BC, conqueror of Greece and Persia | Alexander the Great |
| ancient Greek philosopher | Aristotle |
| a city in Egypt founded by Alexander the Great | Alexandria |