| Question | Answer |
| Where does the ANS innervate for the control of contraction? | exerted on SA and/or AV Nodes |
| Which division of the ANS is normally dominant? | Parasympathetic |
| What Neurotransmitter & receptor type does the Parasympathetic use? | Acetylcholine - Cholinergic receptors |
| What effect does Acetylcholine have on RP? | Hyperpolarize |
| What is the function of the Parasympathetic? | REDUCES HR and Contractility |
| What is the significance of the Parasympathetic on the heart? | HYPERPOLARIZES Cardiac RP via |
| Where do Sympathetic impulses come from? | Thoracic Nerve Branches |
| Where do Parasympathetic impulses come from? | Vagus Nerve |
| Where does the Neurotransmitter Epinephrine come from? | Adrenal Glands |
| What are the 2 receptors that accept Epinephrine? | ß-1 and ß2 |
| What is the result of Epinephrine binding to a ß-1 receptor? | DEPOLARIZATION --> INCREASE Rate/Force of Contraction |
| What is the result of Epinephrine binding to a ß-2 receptor? | HYPERPOLARIZATION --> Vasodialation |
| What 3 factors influence HR? | Drugs, Hormones, ANS |
| What are the 2 types of Drugs which effect the control of contraction? | Cholenergic blockers & ß-blockers |
| What type of blocker is Atropine, and how does it work? | Cholenergic - blocks Acetylcholine --> blocks Parasympathetic --> |
| How do ß-blockers work? | blocks ß-1 --> cancel Noerepinephrine --> DECREASE HR/BP |
| What is the Neurotransmitter used by the Sympathetic NS? | Norepinephrine |
| How does Norepinephrine effect the Heart? | DEPOLARIZES Cardiac RP via ^ Na+/Ca++ Permeability |
| What is the function of the Sympathetic division of the ANS? | INCREASES HR and Contractility |