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The Universe

TermDefinition
Absolute Magnitude a measure of how bright a star would be if it were seen from a standard distance
Apparent Magnitude the brightness of a star as seen from Earth
Big Bang Theory the theory that all matter and energy in the universe was compressed into a extremely small volume that 13 billion to 15 billion years ago exploded and began expanding in all directions
Cosmic Microwave Background the electromagnetic radiation leftover from the formation of the universe
Electromagnetic Spectrum all of the frequencies or wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation
Galaxy a collection of stars, dust and gas bound together by gravity
H-R Diagram Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, a graph that shows the relationship between a star's surface temperature and absolute magnitude
Light-year the distance light travels in one year; about 9.46 trillion kilometers
Luminosity the actual brightness of an object such as a star
Main Sequence the location on the H-R diagram where most stars lie; it has a diagonal pattern from the lower right (low temperature and luminosity) to the upper left (high temperature and luminosity)
Nebula a large cloud of gas and dust in interstellar space; a region in space where stars are born
Neutron Star a star that has collapsed under gravity to the point that the electrons and protons have smashed together to form neutrons
Planet a relatively large spherical body that orbits a star
Redshift a shift toward the red end of the spectrum; occurs in the spectrum of an object when the object is moving away from the observer
Solar System the sun and all of the planets and other bodies that travel around it
Star a large celestial body that is composed of gas and that emits light; the sun is a typical star
Supernova a gigantic explosion in which a massive star collapses and throws its outer layers into space
Universe space and all the matter and energy in it
Wavelength the distance from any point on a wave to the corresponding point on the next wave
White Dwarf a small, hot, dim star that is the leftover center of an old sun-like star
Created by: Mrs_Gore
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