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Periodic Table
Vocabulary for Matter and Elements
Term | Definition |
---|---|
matter | everything that takes up space and has mass |
mass | the material that matter is made up of |
volume | how much room/space matter takes up |
density | D=m/v relates the mass of a material in a given volume |
atom | the basic particle from which all elements are made |
electron | a particle in a atom that has a negative charge |
proton | particle of an atoms that positive charge located in the nucleus |
neutron | particle in a atom that has a neutral or no charged center |
Periodic Table | grid that identifies and classifies the elements into periods and groups by their chemical and physical properties |
periods/rows | tell how many energy levels each elements have |
groups/colums | tell how many valence electrons each element has the number of electrons that move on its outer shell |
valence electrons | electrons that move on the outer shell energy levels |
atomic number | how many protons an element has inside the nucleus usually the same number of electrons and neutrons |
atomic mass | the measurement of mass for an elements atoms |
chemical properties | ability of a substance to combine with one another forming |
physical property | states of matter and appearance of a substance |
ionic bond | when elements either lose or gain an electron during bonding |
covalent bond | elements share electrons during bonding |
chemical reaction | elements bond together through the attractive force of electrons creating some type of reaction and change |
compound/molecule | 2 or more elements combined n a specific ratio or pattern |
mixture | 2 or more substances combine together keeping their original properties no new substance |
Nobel Gases | elements in GROUP#18 most stable elements |
Halogens | elements in GROUP#17 very reactive bonding easily |
Alkali Metals | elements GROUP#1 very reactive |
Metalloids | elements between metals and non-metals |