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AHTG 1
American Heritage
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 4 parts of the human predicament cycle | tyranny, revolution, anarchy, competing groups |
| explain tyranny | uses their power to control people. and abuse their rights |
| explain anarchy | chaos characterized by violence - people want oppression rather than anarchy |
| what did john locke say about consent | consent comes from the people - if the majority agrees, it is lawful |
| remedy for chaos | sovereignty |
| explain 3 parts in lockes 2nd treatise of govermnment | govn't purpose to protect citizens, govn't legit through consent of the people, if govn't violates it can be overthrown |
| virtue v interest | virtue: people are naturally good interest: people are naturally selfish |
| what is sovereignty | ultimate political power |
| 4 alternatives to government | autocracy, classical republicanism, libertarianism, liberalism |
| founders toolbox | structure, participation, law, custom and tradition, moral sense, founding muths, leadership |
| autocracy and example | prevent disorder, govn't like father people like children, dictatoship |
| classical republicanism and example | guard individual rights, structure (checks and balance), virtue, USA |
| libertarianism and example | people should be trusted to persue their self-interest, free market |
| liberalism | govn't removes corrupting conditions, ensure social justice, democrats or socialism |
| rule of law | people are not above the law. The people obey the rulers, and the rulers obey the law |
| 3 parts to a good and evil society | good: prosperity, political participation, creativity evil: factionalism, corruption, low participation |
| name some aspects of political legitimacy | approval of the gods, religious authority, lineage, intelligence or wisdom, history, consent |
| corporate colony | for business, ex, virginia and jamestown (not founded for religious purposes) |
| covenant colony | for religious and civil covenants, ex, plymouth or the pilgrams |
| plymouth mayflower compact | to protect the pilgrams and strangers with different beliefs without the rule of the king. Similar to lockes treatise |
| house of burgesses | virginians wanted a voie, so they elected representatives to meet in an assembly |
| pilgram religious stance | trying to distance themselves physically and spiritually from the church of englad - sever ties. Pilgrams were seperatise puritans |
| puritan religious stance | wanted to reform the church of england, not sever ties with it. Mix of covenant and corporate colonies |
| christian calling | god will bless those who work hard |
| moral self-governance | individual accountability - everyone morally responsible for their own actions |
| civil liberty | man is free to do only anything good, just, and honest |
| john winthrop 2 reasons for emigrating | judgment is coming - god will destroy england for their sin, AND to carry the gospel of christ to new parts of the world |
| civil covenants | charters, massachussets bay charter |
| church covenants | the "gathered" or congregational church |
| god's elect | they built a community that was godly in every way |
| purpose of the magna carta | force the king to recognize and guarantee the ancient liberties of the church and nobility - king didn't want to sign, english kept pushing for it |
| magna carta said there was no ruler above the law | true |
| 6 parts of the petition of right | restatment of the magna carta, no taxation without parliament consent, no forced loans, can't rot in jail (habius corpus), no forced billiting of troops, no expemtion of officials from due process |
| english bill of rights (5 parts) | king can't interfere with electons, armies prohibited, parliament meets anually, king can't remove judges, religious toleration for protestants |
| 5 parts of rule of law | generality, die process, consent, publicity, prospectivity |
| natural rights should be proteted by natural law | natural right to live = law against taking life |
| natural law comes from | biology, reason, law common to all nations, god's law |
| generality | laws apply to everyone, not discrimminate against individuals or groups |
| prospectivity | laws cannot be after the fact, they cannot apply to actions that took place before the law was enacted |
| publicity | laws must be well known and consistantly enforced |
| consent | those subject to the laws must give their consent, either directly, or through elected representatives |
| due process | the legal process must be impartial, regular, and well established to ensure fairness |
| difference bewteen due process and generality | generality: writing of the law (jim crowe south), due process: execution of the law (pulling someone over for their race) |
| theory, method, definition of wealth for command (mercantilism) system | theory: govn't should regular the economy. Method: navigation acts. Wealth: amount of gold/silver in the treasury |
| theory, method, defintion of waelth for market (capitalism) system | theory: govn't should kepp hands off. Method: self-interest, prices and profits regulate the market. Wealth: the yearly amound of production and consupmtion in a country |
| opportunity cost | the most valuable option you did not take |
| simple exchange (barter) | both parties believe they will benefit |
| specialization OR division of labour | each person does only one job as opposed to making everything from scratch |
| comparative advantage | every person/group/nation can produce at least 1 good or service at lower opporunity cost than others (it won't be the best, but it will cost the least) |
| law of supply | business will produce or supply more of a good/service as the price rises |
| law of demand | as price rises, consumers demand will fall |
| role of scarcity | influences supply and demand |
| equlibrium price | everyone who wants to buy and sell at that price can do so |
| high profits stimulate businesses to... | invest more and encourage others to enter that field |
| 3 sources of american resistance | history (traditions), culture (traditions), indentity (unity amond americans) |
| why americans won (american side) | unity, symbolic victories, communication, alliance with france, divine intervention |
| why americans won (british side) | british discord and disagreements, battle in britain between whigs and royalists |
Created by:
sara_hillyer
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