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APES Chapter 1 Vocab
AP Environmental Science Chapter 1 Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Developed Countries | country that is highly industrialized and has high per capita GDP |
| Developing Countries | country that has low to moderate industrialization and low to moderate per capita DGP |
| Globalization | broad process of global social, economic, and environmental change that leads to an increasingly integrated world |
| Sustainability | ability of earth's various systems, including human and cultural systems and economics, to survive and adapt to the changing environmental conditions indefinitely |
| Natural Capital | natural resources and natural services that keep us and other species alive and support our economies |
| Rule of 70 | doubling time (in years) = 70/(percentage growth rate) |
| Economic Growth | increase in the capacity to provide people with goods and services; an increase in gross domestic product (GDP) |
| Economic Development | improvement of human living standards by economic growth |
| Perpetual Resources | essentially inexhaustible resource on a human time scale because it is renewed continuously; ex. solar energy |
| Renewable Resources | resource that can be replenished rapidly (hours to several decades) through natural processes as long as it is not used up faster than it is replaced |
| Nonrenewable Resources | resource that exists in fixed amounts (stock) in the earth's crust and has potential for renewal by geological, physical, and chemical processes taking place over hundreds of millions to billions of years |
| Sustainable Yield | highest rate at which a potentially renewable resource can be used indefinitely without reducing its available supply |
| Anthropogenic | of or relating to the study of the origins and development of human beings |
| Environmental Degradation | depletion or destruction of a potentially renewable resource such as soil, grassland, forest, etc that is used faster than it is naturally replenished |
| Per Capita | annual gross domestic product (GDP) of a country divided by its total population at the midyear |
| Point Source Pollution | single identifiable source that discharges pollutants into the environment (smokestack of a power plant, chimney house) |
| Nonpoint Source Pollution | large or dispersed land areas such as crop fields, streets, lawns that discharge pollutants into the environment over a large area |
| Ecological Footprint | amount of biologically productive land and water needed to supply a population with the renewable resources it uses and to absorb or dispose of the wastes from such resouce use; measures the average environmental impact of pop. different areas |
| Tragedy of the Commons | depletion or degradation of a potentially renewable resource to which people have free and unmanaged access |
| Aldo Leopold | influential in the development of modern environmental ethics and in the movement for wilderness preservation |
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