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Vocabulary
Unit 41: Musculoskeletal System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Bones | 206 in the adult body, make up our skeleton, come in all different sizes and shapes. |
| Bursae | small sacs of synovial fluid located around the joints to help reduce friction. |
| Flexion | flexing the arm or the leg (to decrease the angle between the bones). |
| Extension | straightening the arm or the leg (to increase the angle between two bones). |
| Abduction | to move away from the midline (move out to the side). |
| Adduction | to move towards the midline (move out to the side). |
| Supination | palm is facing up (looking at the sky). |
| Pronation | palm is facing down (looking at the floor or ground). |
| Bursitis | inflammation of the bursae. |
| Cardiac muscle | specialized muscles that form the walls of the heart only. |
| Voluntary muscle | skeletal muscles (we have control over these muscles). |
| Involuntary muscle | forms the walls of our internal organs (operate on their own, they are not under our control), |
| Arthritis | inflammation of the joints. |
| Fracture | a break in the bone. |
| Closed fracture | the bone stays under the skin (also called a simple fracture). |
| Open fracture | the bones sticks out through the skin. |
| Greenstick fracture | incomplete fracture, the bones is no broken all the way through (mostly seen in young children). |
| Comminuted fracture | bones is broken in two or more pieces (shattered: many small pieces). |
| Plantar flexion | point the toes down. |
| Dorsiflexion | point the toes up towards your face, |
| CSM | color, sensation, motion. |
| CMET | color, movement, edema, temperature. |
| ORIF | Open Reduction Internal Fixation (surgical procedure to repair a hip fracture which involves an incision at the hip and then the placement of screws or pins to hold the bone together, postop this pt. will only have an incision with staples and a dressing |
| THA | Total Hip Arthroplasty (also called THR/ Total Hip Replacement) involves replacing the hip joint with a prosthetic hip. |
| Prosthesis | artificial limb or part. |
| Amputation | surgical removal of a limb or body part. |
| BKA | Below the Knee Amputation. |
| AKA | Above the Knee Amputation. |
| ROM | Range Of Motion. |
| Atrophy | shrinking and weakening of the muscles due to not being used or exercised. |
| Contracture | joints become stiff and frozen in place in a position of flexion. |
| Phantom Pain | pain experienced in a limb after the limb has been amputated (this pain is real and the pt. should be medicated for it). |
Created by:
hunnytoons.
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