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Tolli/Stapp 19
Classification of Organisms - 6.12CD
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Taxonomy | The branch of science that formally names and classifies organisms by their structure, function, and relationships. |
Structure | The arrangement of parts that form a living thing. |
Eukaryotic Cell | A cell with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. |
Prokaryotic Cell | A cell lacking a nucleus or any other membrane-enclosed organelle. |
Unicellular Organism | An organism made up of one cell. |
Multicellular Organism | An organism made up of more than one cell, and often made up of different types of cells. |
Function | What something does. |
Autotrophic Organism | An organism that obtains its nutrition from simple, inorganic compounds. |
Heterotrophic Organism | Unable to make its own food from simple inorganic molecules. |
Reproduction | The process by which organisms produce more of their own kind. |
Sexual Reproduction | The reproductive process involving two parents whose genetic material is combined to produce a new organism different from themselves. |
Asexual Reproduction | A method of reproduction that requires only one parent. |
Domains | The highest level of the taxonomic hierarchy; includes three groups: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. |
Domain Bacteria | One of the three taxonomic domains; includes prokaryotic, single-celled organisms that lack a membrane-enclosed nucleus and that can be classified by shape. |
Domain Archaea | One of the three taxonomic domains; includes unicellular organisms that are prokaryotic like bacteria, but also share characteristics with eukaryotes. |
Domain Eukarya | One of the three taxonomic domains of organisms; cells contain a membrane-enclosed nucleus. |
Kingdoms | The second highest level in the taxonomic hierarchy; contains six groups: Archaea, Bacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. |
Kingdom Bacteria | Kingdom of prokaryotic, single-celled organisms that lack a membrane-enclosed nucleus and can be classified by shape. |
Kingdom Archaea | Kingdom of unicellular organisms that are prokaryotic like bacteria, but also share characteristics with eukaryotes. |
Kingdom Protista | Kingdom of single-celled and simple multiple-celled eukaryotic organisms. |
Kingdom Fungi | Kingdom of heterotrophic eukaryotes that reproduce through asexual spores and have chitin in their cell walls. |
Kingdom Plantae | Kingdom of autotrophic eukaryotes that includes all plants. |
Kingdom Animalia | Kingdom of heterotrophic eukaryotes that includes all animals. |