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| Qin Dynasty | Started at the end of the Warring States period following the decline of the Zhou dynasty; fell in (221-207 b.c.e.) |
| Confucius | (Also known as Kung Fuzi) was a major Chinese philosopher born in 6th century b.c.e. He was the author of Analects, and he believed in philosophy based on need for restoration of order through advice of superior men. |
| Laozi | Was a major Chinese philosopher, who recommended retreat from society into nature. He encouraged individuals to become attuned with Daoism. |
| Zhou Dynasty | Was originally a family of Shang China, who overthrew the Shang Dynasty and established the second historical Chinese dynasty. |
| Shi Huangdi | Was the founder of the brief Qin dynasty in 221 b.c.e. |
| Great Wall | Chinese defensive fortification intended to keep out nomadic invaders |
| Han | Chinese dynasty that succeded the Qin in 202 B.C. |
| "Mean People" | Lower class in China |
| Daoism | Stressed need for alignment with Dao or Cosmic force |
| Silk road | The most famous trading routes established by Nomads transmitting goods and ideas connecting China, India and Europe. |
| Dynasty | A family of kings |
| Analects | A book in which the teachings of Confucianism were recorded |
| Five classics | Five ancient Chinese books used by Confucianism as the basis of studies. |
| Legalism | Legalism was one of the four main philosophies in the Spring, Autumn, and the Warring States Period (Near the end of the Zhou dynasty; from circa 600-300 B.C.) |
| Era of Warring States | (475-221 BC.) Period of warfare between regional lords following the decline of the Zhou Dynasty in 800 b.c. and ended with rise of Qin Dynasty. |
| Mandarins | Bureaucrats in ancient China. |
| Patriarchalism | When women are forced to defer to men, in a society run by men, and based on the assumption that men naturally directed political, economic, and cultural life. |
