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Immune System Parts
Shawnee ADNR193 Immune Stuff
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Inflammation | a non-specific reaction that is immediate and provides short-term protection |
| Neutrophils | compromise 55-70% of WBC, mature in bone marrow, first line of defense, perform phagocytosis |
| Macrophages | created from monocytes that are released from bone marrow, life span is months to years, perform phagocytosis, repair of injured tissue, antigen processing, and secretions of cytokines |
| Basophils | smallest and rarest of WBC, release heparin and vasoactive substances |
| Eosinophils | compromise 1-2% of total WBC, posess weak phagocytic activity, release vasoactive substances |
| B-Lymphocytes(Antibody-Mediated) | cell with the most direct role, requires assistance from macrophages |
| T-lymphocytes(Antibody-Meidated) | produce helper T cells to regulate B lymphocytes |
| Agglutination | binding of more than 1 antigen to antibody; slows the movement of antigen through the blood so other WBC's may attack it |
| Lysis | antibody attaches to membrane surface antigens, esp. bacteria/viruses |
| Complement Fixation | IgG and IgM stimulate complement cascade |
| Precipitation | Large complex removed by other WBC's |
| Inactivation/Neutralization | antibody cover antigen's active site and renders it useless |
| IgG | most abundant antibody in blood, activates complement, neutralizes toxins, enhances phagocytosis, and provides immunity against viral and bacterial infections |
| IgM | approx. 10% in blood, activates complement, clears antigen through precipitation, possibly mediates autoimmune reactions, responsible for ABO blood transfusion incompatability |
| IgA | less than 15% content in blood, secretory anitbody found in various body secretions, inhibits bacteria and viruses from adhering to skin and mucous membranes |
| IgE | less than 1% in blood, degranulation of basophils during inflammatory response, helps clear parasites and prevent respiratory infections, and mediates many hypersensitivity reactions |
| IgD | less than 1% in blood and modifies IgM activity |
| Innate Immunity | genetically determined, person either does or does not have immunity |
| Aquired Immunity | adaptive response to an invasion of antigen, occurs naturally or artificially |
| Active Immunity | antigen enters body and body responds by making antigens against it |
| Natural Active Immunity | occurs w/o human assistance, person has the disease, most effective and longest lasting immunity |
| Artificial Active Immunity | a small amount of antigen introduced so the body will produce antibodies. ex. vaccinations |
| Passive Immunity | antibodies introduced into the body but the body did not produce them, provides immediate and short-term protection |
| Natural Passive Immunity | provided by mother to fetus across the placenta |
| Artificial Passive Immunity | antibodies delibrately injected into a person when a person is exposed to serious disease and has no immunity |
| Helper T cell | efficient in recognizing self vs. non-self, secrete lymphokines which regulate activity of other leukocytes, and stimulate and organize the response of total immune system |
| T suppressor cell | prevent overstimulation of immune response, have an inhibitory effect on the immune response |
| Cytotoxic T cell | bind to HLA antigen complex cell and kill it |
| NK cells | "search and destroy" mission throughout the body |
| Primary Immunodeficiency | A deficient response that's due to a missing component in the immune response. Has gentic or developmental cause |
| Secondary Immunodeficiency | an aquired disease in, or lack of, an immune response as the result of an underlying cause or dysfunction outside of the immune system |
Created by:
rsg175
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