Medical Terminology from Greek and Latin Roots. Bases. (GREEK in all caps)
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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abdomin- | abdomen |
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ACROMI- | acromion, the extremity of the shoulder |
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ADEN- | gland |
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adip- | fat |
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AER- | air, gas |
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al- | wing, any wing-like structure | f. ala, -ae
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alb- | white |
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alveol- | alveoli, terminal air sacs | m. alveolus, -i
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AMBLY- | dull, dim, blunt | (blank)
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AMNI-, AMNION- | amnion; amniotic fluid | (blank)
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AMYL- | starch | (blank)
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an- | anus | (blank)
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ANDR- | male, man | (blank)
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ANGI- | (blood) vessel, duct | (blank)
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anter- | before, in the forward part | (blank)
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aort-, aortic- | aorta | f. aorta, -ae
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ARTHR- | joint | (blank)
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articul- | joint | f. articultio, articulationis
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ASTRAGAL- | ankle, bones of teh ankle joint | m. astragalus, -i
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atri- | atrium (a chamber of the heart) | n. atrium, -i
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aur- | ear | (blank)
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AUX- | increase | (blank)
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bacill- | rod, rod-shaped bacterium | m. bacillus, -i
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BAR- | weight, pressure | (blank)
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BAS- | bse, basic (i.e. non-acidic) | (blank)
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BI- | life; living organism, microbe | (blank)
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bil-, bili- | bile | (blank)
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BLAST- | precursor cell; primitive cell or layer | (blank)
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BLENN- | mucus | (blank)
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BLEPHAR- | eyelid | (blank)
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BRACHI- | slow | (blank)
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BRONCH- | bronchus (major airway within the lungs) | m. bronchus, -i
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BRONCHIOL- | bronchiole (smaller airways in the lungs) | m. bronchiolus, -i
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bucc- | cheek | f. bucca, -ae
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burs- | fluid-filled sac, bursa | f. bursa, -ae
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calc-, calci- | calcium | (blank)
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calcane- | heel bone | m. calcaneus, -i
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capil- | capillary | (blank)
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CARCIN- | cancer | (blank)
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CARDI- | heart | (blank)
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CARDI- | cardiac (proximal) portion of stomach | (blank)
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CARP- | wrist, bones of the wrist | m. carpus, -i
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caud- | tail, lower end of the body | (blank)
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cec-, caec- | cecum | n. cecum, -i
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CELI- | abdomen | (blank)
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centr- | center | (blank)
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CEPHAL- | head | (blank)
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cerebell- | cerebellum, posteroinferior portion of brain; "little brain" | n. cerebellum, -i
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cerebr- | cerebrum, largest portion of brain; cerebral hemispheres; brain | n. cerebrum, -i
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cervic- | neck | f. cervix, cervicis
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cervic- | cervix of the uterus | cervix uteri
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CHEIL- | lips | (blank)
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CHEM- | chemical, chemistry | (blank)
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CHIER-, CHIR- | hand | (blank)
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CHLOR- | green | (blank)
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CHOLE-, CHOL- | bile | (blank)
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CHOLECYST- | gall bladder | (blank)
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CHONDR- | cartilage, costal cartilage | (blank)
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CHOLEDOCH- | common bile duct | (blank)
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CHROM-, CHROMAT- | color, pigment | (blank)
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CHRON- | time | (blank)
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CIRRH- | orangish-yellow, tawny | (blank)
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clavicul- | clavicle, collar bone | f. clavicula, -ae
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CLEID- | clavicle | (blank)
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CLON- | clone, genetically identical descendent of a single parent cell, to produce such progeny | (blank)
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cocc- | spherical bacterium | m. coccus, -i
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COL- | colon, large intestine | (blank)
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COLL-, COLLA- | glue | (blank)
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COLP- | vagina | (blank)
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CONI- | dust | (blank)
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conjunctiv- | conjunctive; the mucous membrane covering the eyeball | f. conjunctiva, -ae
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COPR- | feces; filthy, dirty | (blank)
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cord- | heart | n. cor, cordis
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CORE-, COR- | pupil of the eye | (blank)
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corne- | cornea | f. cornea, -ae
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cort-, cortic- | cortex, outer layer of a structure or organ | (blank)
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cost- | rib | f costa, -ae
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cox- | hip bone, the hip joint (in general) | f. coxa, -ae
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crani- | skull | n. cranium, -i
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CRY-, CRYM- | cold | (blank)
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CRYPT- | secret, hidden | (blank)
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cupr- | copper | (blank)
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cut-, cutane- | skin | (blank)
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CYAN- | blue | (blank)
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CYCL- | ciliary body of the eye; ring, circle, cycle | (blank)
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CYST- | cyst, any small fluid-filled sac; urinary bladder | (blank)
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CYT- | cell | (blank)
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DACRY- | tears | (blank)
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DACTYL- | finger | (blank)
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DEM- | a people, a population | (blank)
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dent- | tooth | m. dens, dentis
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DERM-, DERMAT- | skin | (blank)
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DESM- | fibrous connection, ligament | (blank)
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dextr- | right | (blank)
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dist- | remote, distant, farther from the attached end | (blank)
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dors- | back, back surface | (blank)
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duct- | to lead, bring, convey | (blank)
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duoden- | duodenum | m. duodenum, -i
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DYNAM- | force, energy, power | (blank)
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EMBRY-, EMBRYON- | embryo (in humans, the unborn offspring up to 8 weeks of development) | (blank)
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ENCEPHAL- | brain | (blank)
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ENTER- | (small) intestine | (blank)
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EOS- | dawn; bright red or pink color | (blank)
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EPIDIDYM- | epididymis | (blank)
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EPISI- | the vulva | (blank)
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ERYTHR- | red | (blank)
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ESOPHAG- | esophagus | (blank)
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ESTHES- | to feel, perceive, sense | (blank)
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EURY- | wide, broad | (blank)
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extern- | outside | (blank)
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faci- | face; surface | f. facies, -ei
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fasci- | band or sheet of fibrous connective tissue | f. fascia, -ae
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febr- | fever | (blank)
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femor- | thigh bone | m. femur, femoris
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fer-, lat- | to bear, carry, bring | (blank)
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fet- | fetus (in humans, teh unborn offspring from 8 weeks of development until birth) | (blank)
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fibr- | fiber, fibrous connective tissue | (blank)
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fibul- | outer bone of the leg | f. fibula, -ae
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flav- | yellow | (blank)
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flect-, flex- | to bend | (blank)
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front- | forehead; (sometimes) frontal bone, sinus, or lobe of brain | (blank)
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fus- | to pour | (blank)
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GAM- | marriage, sexual union; gamete, reproductive cell | (blank)
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GAMET- | gamete, reproductive cell | (blank)
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GANGLI- | ganglion, cluster of nerve cells | (blank)
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GASTR- | stomach | (blank)
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GEN-, GENE- | to come into being, produce | (blank)
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GENI-, GENY- | cheek, chin, jaw | (blank)
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genu- | knee | (blank)
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GER-, GERONT- | old age, elderly person | (blank)
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gest- | to bear, carry, be pregnant | (blank)
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GEUS- | to taste | (blank)
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gingiv- | gums | f. gingiva, -ae
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GLAUC- | blue-gray, green-gray | (blank)
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GLI- | glia, "glue," supporting cells of nervous system | (blank)
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glob- | round body, ball | (blank)
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glomerul | glomerulus, (filtering apparatus of the kidney) | (blank)
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GLOSS- | tongue | (blank)
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GLUC- | glucose | (blank)
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GLYC- | glucose; sweetness; (occasionally as abbreviation) glycogen | (blank)
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GNATH- | jaw | (blank)
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GON- | seed; reproduction | (blank)
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GON-, GONAT-, GONY- | knee | (blank)
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GONAD- | gonad; seed | (blank)
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granul- | little grain, particle | (blank)
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GRAPH- | to write | (blank)
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gravid- | to be pregnant | (blank)
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GYN-, GYNE-, GYNEC- | woman, female | (blank)
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HELMINTH- | parasitic worm | (blank)
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HEM-, HEMAT- | blood | (blank)
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HEPAT-, HEPATIC | liver | n. hepar, hepatis
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HIST-, HISTI- | tissue | (blank)
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humer- | bone of upper arm; shoulder | m. humeus, -i
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HYAL- | glassy, vitreous | (blank)
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HYDR- | water, fluid | (blank)
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HYGR- | moisture | (blank)
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HYPN- | to sleep | (blank)
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HYSTER- | uterus | (blank)
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IATR- | physician, medicine, treatment | (blank)
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ile- | ileum | n, ileum, -i
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ili- | uppermost portion of the hip bone | n. ilium, -i
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immun- | immunity; the immune system, defense against infection; antibodies | (blank)
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infer- | below, in the lower part of | (blank)
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intern- | inside, within | (blank)
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IR-, IRID- | iris | (blank)
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IS- | equal, same, alike | (blank)
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ISCHI- | lowermost portion of the hip bone, "seat bone" | n. ischium, -i
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jejun- | jejunum | n. jejunum, -i
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kal-, kali- | potassium | (blank)
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KARY- | nucleus | (blank)
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KERAT- | cornea, transparent tissue of the anterior eyeball | (blank)
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KIN-, KINES- | to move | (blank)
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labi- | lips | n. labium, -i
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LABYRINTH- | labyrinth, inner ear | (blank)
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later- | side | (blank)
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LEI- | smooth | (blank)
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LEMM- | lemma, cover, sheath | (blank)
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LEPS-, LEPT- | to take hold of; seizure | (blank)
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LEUK- | white; white matter of nervous system | (blank)
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LEX- | to read | (blank)
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lingu- | tongue | f. lingua, -ae
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LIP- | fat, lipid | (blank)
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LITH- | stone, calculus | (blank)
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LOG- | word, thought, reason(ing), study, logic | (blank)
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lumb- | lower back, flank | m. lumbus, -i
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LY-, LYS- | dissolution, lysis | (blank)
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LYMPH-, LYMPHAT- | lymph | (blank)
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LYMPHADEN- | lymph node | (blank)
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LYMPHANGI- | lymphatic vessel | (blank)
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MACR- | large | (blank)
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MAN- | to be mad | (blank)
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mandibul- | lower jaw bone, mandible | f. mandibula, -ae
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maxilla- | upper jaw bone | f. maxilla, -ae
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MEAT- | passage or canal; the external opening of such a passage | (blank)
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medi- | middle, midline | (blank)
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MEGA-, MEGAL- | large | (blank)
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MELAN- | black, dark, pigment | (blank)
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men-, menstru- | menses, menstrual bleeding; the monthly female reproductive cycle | (blank)
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MENING- | meninges, membranes covering the central nervous system | (blank)
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ment- | chin | n, mentum, -i
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MES- | middle, midline | (blank)
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METR- | uterus | (blank)
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MICR- | small | (blank)
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morb- | disease | (blank)
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mort- | death | mors, mortis
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muc- | mucus | (blank)
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muscul- | muscle | m. musculus, -i
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mut-, muta-, mutat- | to change | (blank)
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MY- | muscle | (blank)
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MYC-, MYCET- | fungus | (blank)
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MYEL- | bone marrow; spinal cord | (blank)
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MYRING- | tympanic membrane | (blank)
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MYX- | mucus | (blank)
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nas- | nose; nasal cavity; nasal bone | m. nasus, -i
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nasc-, nat- | to be born | (blank)
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NATR- | sodium | (blank)
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NECR- | dead body, dead tissue | (blank)
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NEMA-, NEMAT- | roundword | (blank)
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NEPHR- | kidney | (blank)
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nerv- | nerve | m. nervus, -i
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NEUR- | nerve | (blank)
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niger-, nigr- | black | (blank)
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NOS- | disease | (blank)
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nucle- | nucleus | m. nucleus, -i
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occipit- | posterior portion of skull; occipital bone | (blank)
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ocul- | eye | m. oculus, -i
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ODONT- | tooth, teeth | (blank)
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OLIG- | few, little | (blank)
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OMPHAL- | umbilicus, navel; umbilical cord | (blank)
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ONC- | tumor; bulk, volume | (blank)
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OO- | egg, ovum | (blank)
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OOPHOR- | ovary | (blank)
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op-, ops-, opt- | vision, seeing | (blank)
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OPHTHALM- | eye | (blank)
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or- | mouth | n. os, oris
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ORCHI-, ORCHID- | testes | (blank)
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ORTH- | straight | (blank)
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OSPHR- | to smell | (blank)
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oss-, osse- | bone | n. os, ossis
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OSTE-, OST- | bone | (blank)
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OT- | ear | (blank)
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ovari- | ovary | (blank)
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ovi-, ovo- | ovum | (blank)
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ovul- | to realease an egg, ovulate | (blank)
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OX-, OXY- | sharp, acute; rapid; acid; oxygen | (blank)
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palat- | palate, roof of the mouth | n. palatum, -i
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PAN-, PANT- | all, whole, entire; widespread | (blank)
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PANCREAT-, PANCREATIC- | pancreas | (blank)
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papill- | nipple-like projection | f. papilla, -ae
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par-, part- | to bear, give birth (to) | (blank)
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pariet- | wall, posterolateral portion of skull; corresponding lobe of brain | (blank)
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patell- | kneecap | f. patella, -ae
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PATH- | disease, suffering | (blank)
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pector- | chest, breast | n. pectus, pectoris
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PED- | child (from pais, paidis) | (blank)
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pelv- | basin-like structure | f. pelvis, pelvis
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pen- | penis | (blank)
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PEPTID- | peptide (chain of two or more amino acids); peptide bond (-CO-NH- bond) | (blank)
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PHAG- | to eat | (blank)
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PHALANG- | any bone of a finger or toe | f. phalanx, phalangis
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PHALL- | penis | (blank)
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PHARMAC- | drugs, medicine | (blank)
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PHARYNG- | throat | f. pharynx, pharyngis
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PHAS- | to speak | (blank)
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PHLEB- | vein | (blank)
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PHON- | voice, sound | (blank)
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PHOT- | light | (blank)
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PHRAS- | to speak | (blank)
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PHREN- | mind; diaphragm | (blank)
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PHREN-, PHRENIC- | diaphragm; phrenic nerve | (blank)
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PHYT- | plant; microorganism of the plant kingdom | (blank)
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placent- | placenta | (blank)
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PLAS-, PLAST- | to form, develop | (blank)
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PLASM- | plasma (fluid portion of the blood) | (blank)
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PLEUR- | pleura (membrane surrounding the lungs) | f. pleura, -ae
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PNEUM-, PNEUMAT- | air | (blank)
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PNEUMON-, PNEUM | lung | (blank)
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POIKOL- | varied, irregular | (blank)
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POLI- | gray; gray matter of nervous system | (blank)
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POLY- | many | (blank)
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POR- | passage, opening, pore | (blank)
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poster- | behind, in the back part of | (blank)
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PROCT- | rectum | (blank)
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PROSTAT- | prostate gland | (blank)
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proxim- | next to, nearer to the attached end | (blank)
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PSEUD- | false, lying, deceptive resemblance | (blank)
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PSYCH- | mind, soul, psyche | (blank)
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PT- | droop, fall, sag | (blank)
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pub- | pubic bone | n. os pubis, ossis pubis
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pulm-, pulmon- | lung | (blank)
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pupil- | pupil of the eye | f. pupilla, -ae
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pur-, purul- | pus | (blank)
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PY- | pus | (blank)
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PYEL- | renal pelvis | (blank)
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PYLOR- | pylorus, distal portion of stomach | m. pylorus, -i
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PYRET- | fever | (blank)
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RACHI-, RACHID- | spine | (blank)
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radi- | outer bone of the forearm | m. radius, -i
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rect- | rectum | n. rectum, -i
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ren- | kidney | (blank)
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retin- | retina | f. retina, -ae
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RHABD- | rod, rod-shaped | (blank)
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RHIN- | nose | (blank)
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RHIZ- | root | (blank)
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RHOD- | rosy, pink | (blank)
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RHYTHM- | rhythm | (blank)
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rub-, rubr- | red | (blank)
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SACCHAR- | sugar, saccharide | (blank)
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sacr- | bone of caudal vertebral column | n. (os) sacrum, -i
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SALPING- | fallopian tube; oviduct | (blank)
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sanguin-, sangui- | blood | (blank)
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SARC- | flesh, muscular substance | (blank)
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scapul- | shoulder blade | f. scapula, -ae
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SCHIZ-, SCHIST- | to divide | (blank)
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SCLER- | hard | (blank)
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SCOLI- | twisted, crooked, curved | (blank)
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SCOP- | to look | (blank)
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scrip(t)-, scrib- | to write | (blank)
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semin- | seed; semen | (blank)
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sept- | septum | n. septum, -i
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ser- | serum | (blank)
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SIAL- | saliva | (blank)
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SIDER- | iron | (blank)
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silic- | silica, silicon dioxide | (blank)
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sin-, sinus- | cavity, space | m. sinus, -us
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sinistr- | left, on the left side | (blank)
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SOM-, SOMAT- | the human body; any "body" or self-contained mass; (abbreviation for) chromosome | (blank)
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somn-, somni- | sleep | (blank)
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SPERM-, SPERMA-, SPERMAT- | seed; spermatazoa, semen | (blank)
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SPHYGM- | pulse | (blank)
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spin- | spine, spinal column, spinal process or projection | (blank)
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spir- | to breathe | (blank)
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SPLANCH- | internal organ | (blank)
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SPLEN- | spleen | (blank)
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SPONDYL- | vertebra | (blank)
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SPOR- | seed, spore | (blank)
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squam- | scale; thin plate of bone | (blank)
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STAL-, STOL- | to send | (blank)
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STAPHYL- | bunch of grapes; the bacterial genus Staphylococcus | (blank)
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STEAR-, STEAT- | fat | (blank)
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STEN- | narrow | (blank)
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STERC-, STERCOR- | feces | (blank)
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STERN- | breastbone | n. sternum, -i
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STHEN- | strength | (blank)
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STOM-, STOMAT- | mouth | (blank)
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STREPT- | twisted; the bacterial genus Streptococcus | (blank)
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super- | above, in the upper part of | (blank)
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SYNDESM- | ligament | (blank)
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TACHY- | quick, fast | (blank)
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tal- | ankle, bone of the ankle joint | m. talus, -i
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TARS- | instep of the foot, bones of the instep | m. tarsus, -i
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TAX- | order, arrangement, coordination | (blank)
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TEL-, TELE- | end, completion | (blank)
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tempor- | temples; anterolateral portion of skull | n. tempus, temporis
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TEN-, TENON-, TENONT- | tendon | (blank)
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tend-, tendin- | tendon | m, tendo, tendinis
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TENS-, TENSI- | tension, stretching, tone | (blank)
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TERAT- | abnormal development | (blank)
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test-, testicul- | testes, testicle(s) | (blank)
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THALAM- | "chamber," thalamus | m. thalamus, -i
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THANAT- | death | (blank)
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THEC- | cover, sheath | (blank)
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THERM- | heat; temperature | (blank)
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THORAC- | chest | m. thorax, thoracis
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THROMB- | clot; platelet (as abbreviation of thrombocyte) | (blank)
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tibi- | shinbone, inner bone of the leg | f. tibia, -ae
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TOC- | childbirth, labor | (blank)
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TOM- | to cut, separate | (blank)
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TON- | tone, tension, pressure | (blank)
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TOP- | place | (blank)
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TOX- | poison | (blank)
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TRACHE- | trachea (major airway outside lungs) | f. trachea, -ae
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tract- | to draw, drag | m. tractus, tractus
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TROPH- | growth, nourishment | (blank)
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TYMPAN- | tympanic membrane | (blank)
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uln- | elbow, medial bone of the forearm | f. ulna, -ae
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URAN- | palate, roof of the mouth | (blank)
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URE-, UREA-, UR-, URIN- | urine | (blank)
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URETER- | ureter (tube which conducts urine from the kidneys to the bladder) | (blank)
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URETHR- | urethra (tube which conducts urine from the bladder to the external surface) | (blank)
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|
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uter- | uterus | (blank)
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|
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uvul- | uvula | f. uvula, -ae
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vagin- | the vagina; any "sheath" structure | (blank)
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valv-, valvul- | valve |
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vas- | (blood) vessel, duct | n. vas, vasis (irregular gen. pl. = vasorum)
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vas- | duct, vas deferens | (blank)
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|
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ven- | vein | f. vena, -ae
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|
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ventr- | belly, front surface | (blank)
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|
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ventricul- | ventricle | n. ventriculum, -i
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|
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vers-, vert- | to turn | (blank)
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|
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vertebr- | bone of the spinal column | f. vertebra, -ae
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vesic- | bladder; any vesicle (a small sac containing liquid or gas) | (blank)
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|
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vir-, viru-, virid- | virus | (blank)
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|
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viscer- | internal organ, viscus | n. viscus, visceris
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vulv- | vulva, female external genitalia | (blank)
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|
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XANTH- | yellow | (blank)
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|
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XER- | dry | (blank)
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|
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ZO- | animal, lving thing | (blank)
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|
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ZYG- | yoke, joining, pairing | (blank)
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|
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ZYM- | fermentation; enzyme | (blank)
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|
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ALLO- | other, differing from normal | (blank)
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DIPLO- | double | (blank)
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HAPLO- | single | (blank)
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|
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HETERO- | different, differing from normal | (blank)
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|
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HOMO-, HOMEO- | the same, alike | (blank)
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|
||||||
THIO- | sulfur | (blank)
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|
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NEO- | new | (blank)
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|
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