Planning Theory
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| What are the 4 elements of synoptic rational planning? | 1,goal setting 2. id policy alternaive 3.evaluate means to end 4. implementation of preferred alternative
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| What is the most frequently used and discussed planning approach? | Synoptic Rationality (Rational Comprehensive Approach)
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| What are some evaluation processes used during the rational planning? | benefit cost analysis, decision tree, PERT, linear programming, oeprations research, systems analysis
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| Who discussed incremental planing in the article "The Science of Muddling Through"? | Charles Lindbloom
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| What is the article "The Science of Muddling through about? | Incremental Planning and the fact that legilatures and advisors are confronted w/info., demands, crises, and short term demands w/o the time, money, or expertise to resolve them
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| How is incremental planning defined? | mixture of intuition, experience, rules of thumb, various techniques combined w/endless series of consultations to produce results
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| What are some examples of incremental planning? | participant observation, brainstorming, Delphi technique, simulation gaming when planning means or ends are not clear
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| What is transactive planning? | relies on experience of people's lives to examine policy issues
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| What does the transactive planning process rely on? | interpersonal dialogue and process of mutual learning
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| How is a transactive plan evaluated? | in terms of the plans effect on people, including their values, behavior & capacity for growth through cooperation
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| Who is associated with advocacy planning? | Paul Davidoff
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| What is advocacy planning? | associated w/ defending the interests of weak or poorly represented groups such as low income, minorities, environmental activists, disenfranchesed
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| WHat is a common criticism of advacocy planning? | It presents road blocks w/o presenting alternatives
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| What are some direct results of advocacy planning? | environmental, social, & financial impact reports to accompany large scale project proposals
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| Advocacy approach to planning reflects a treend away from neutral objectivity in defining social problems in favor of applying principles of social justice. | True
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| What is radical planning? | an ambiguous tradition usually associated w/ spontaneous activism guided by a an idealistic vision of personnel self-reliance
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| What is an example of radical planning? | allowing a neighborhood committee to take over the planning functions usually founded by community development dept.
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| What is the result seen by radical planning? | more than other methods it is immediate action with concrete results seen in the immediate future
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| What is the Utopian planning? | propose sweeping new approaches to traditional urban problems
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| Who sets the goals in Utopian planning? | One person sets a clearly and powerfully stated goal; typically the person is a "visionary"
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| What are some examples of a Utopian planner and the plan? | 1.LeCorbusier's Contemporary City; Ebenezer Howard's Garden City; Daniel Burnham's White City;Frankl Lloyd Wright's Broadacre City
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| What is the underlying purpose of the Utopian plans? | imporvement of mankinds urban experience through extensive changes in conventional methods
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| What types of planning are considered Utopian but are more of an ends being sought rather than a method being employed? | planning programs promoting better housing, stronger neighborhoods, new towns, greenbelts,elimination of poverty, provision of new social services, & income redistribution programs
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| What is methodism? | The planning method is clearly defined bu the ends to be achieved are unknown
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| What are some examples of methodism that exist in planning? | zoning review, public hearings, building code appeals, subdivision reviews, annual surveys, traffic counts, GIS, annual meetings
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| What is beneficial about methodism? | when the data is needed such as land use, zoning, traffic counts, the data is available for a plan where the end is better defined
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