Asepsis and Sterile Technique Terminology
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| Antiseptic | substance commonly used on living tissue to inhibit the growth and reproduction of microbes to prevent infection
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| Asepsis | absence of microbes, infection
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| Bacteriocidal | substance that controls/kills bacteria
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| Bacteriostatic | substance that restrains the further development and reproduction of bacteria
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| Bioburden | the number of microbes or amount of organic debris on an object at any given time
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| Contamination | the presence of pathogenic materials
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| Cross-contamination | the contamination of a person or object by another
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| Decontamination | to reduce to an irreducible minimum the presence of pathogenic material
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| Disinfectant | chemical agent that kills most microbes, but usually not spores; usually used on inanimate objects because these compounds are too strong to be used on living tissues.
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| Fomite | an inanimate object on which pathogens may be conveyed
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| Fungicide | agent that destroys fungus
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| Infection | the invasion of the human body or tissue by pathogenic microorganisms that reproduce and multiply, causing disease
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| Nosocomial | an infection acquired within a health care setting
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| Pathogen | any microbe capable of causing a disease
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| Resident flora | microbes that normally reside below the skin surface or within the body
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| Sepsis | infection, usually accompanied by fever, that results in the presence of pathogenic microorganisms
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| Spore | a resistant form of certain types of bacteria, able to survive in adverse conditions
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| Sporicidal | substance that kills/destroys bateria in the spore stage
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| Sterile | item(s) that has been rendered free of all living microorganisms, including spores
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| Sterile field | specified area, usually the are immediately around the patient that is considered to be free of microorganisms
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| Sterile technique | methods used to prevent contamination of the sterile field by microorganisms; protection of the patient against infection causing microbes preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively
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| Sterility, event related | sterility determined by how a package is handled rather than time elapsed; package is considered sterile until opened or integrity of packaging material is damaged
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| Sterilization | the destruction of all microorganisms, including spores, on inanimate surfaces; the destruction of all microorganisms in or about an object, as by steam, chemical agents, high-velocity electron bombardment, or ultraviolet light radiation.
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| Strike-through contamination | contamination of a sterile field that occur through the passage of fluid through or a puncture in a microbial barrier
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| Surgically clean | items mechanically cleaned and chemically disinfected but not sterile
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| Terminal disinfection | to render items safe to handle by high-level disinfection
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| Transient flora | microbes that reside on the skin surface and are easily removed
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| Vector | a living character that transmits disease
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| Virucide | agent that destroys viruses
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