aicp theory and practice
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| Concentric Circle Theory | Ernest Burgess 1925 cities grow in a series of outward rings. Land use based on the distance from the downtown. five rings;central business district;industrial uses;zone of transition;zone of independent workingmen's homes;high-class residential.
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| Sector Theory | Homer Hoyt (1939) argued that land uses vary based on transportation routes. The city, as a result, was a series of sectors radiating out from the center of the city.
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| Multiple Nuclei | Harris and Ullman (1945) cities develop a series of specific land use nuclei. A land use nucleus is formed because of accessibility to natural resources, clustering of similar uses, land prices, and the repelling power of land uses.
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| Central Place Theory | Walter Christaller (1933) This theory explains the size and spacing of cities. The theory states that there is a minimum market threshold to bring a firm to a city and there is a maximum range people are willing to travel to receive goods and services.
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| Rational Planning | – the “rational” planner assumes that all things operate with a certain order. Set Goals; Determine Alternatives; Evaluate the Alternatives; Choose an Alternative; Implement the Alternative; Evaluate
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| Incremental | Charles Lindlom, the branch method, build on what we’ve know before; theory is not relied on as much.
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| Mixed Scanning Planning | Amitai Etzioni -compromise between the rational and incremental planning theories. Fundamental policy-shaping decisions should be based on a more careful rational analysis of alternatives. Implementation decisions should use an incremental approach.
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| Advocacy Planning | Paul Davidoff Planner as an advocate for issues and not just a technician. Process should include citizens from participating and informing them of the issue.
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| Transactive Planning | One on one conversations with everyone. Planner is the expert who Gathers information from the public and incorporates it into the plan
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| Radical Planning | – John Friedmann Planning in the Public Domain 1987 - takes the power away from the government and gives it to the people. In this process, citizens get together and develop their own plans.
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| Communicative Planning | current practice of most planners. Intensive citizen participation.
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Created by:
gmcmillan