QUESTIONS FOR CST EXAM
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| ADENEXA REFERS TO | ACCESSORY ORGANS
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| A DROP IS DENOTED BY THE ABBREVIATION | gt
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| THE ABBREVIATION ung REFERS TO | OINTMENT
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| PROXIMAL IS A TERM THAT INDICATES A POINT | NEAR TO THE BODY
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| ADDUCTION MEANS | MOVEMENT TOWARD MEDIAN PLANE
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| ISCHEMIC CAN BE DEFINED AS | A decreased supply of oxygenated blood to the body part or organ
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| A cystocele | is a herniation of the urinary bladder
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| Nulli is a prefix that means | none
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| False is indicated by the prefix | pseudo
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| Tiny red or purple spots on the skin appearing as a result of small hemorrhages within the dermal or submucosal layers are called | petechiae
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| Kerato refers to | horny or cornea
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| The suffix lysis means | breaking down
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| The left eye is indicated by the following letters | OS
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| Tissue death is called | necrosis
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| The secretion of excessive sweat is also known as | diaphoresis
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| Which radiografphic procedure has the ability to make images in multiple planes | MRI
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| The abscence of a normal body opening, duct, or canal is called | Atresia
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| Epistaxis can be defined as | bleeding from the nose
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| Blood gas analysis is called | ABG
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| A ganglion is | collection of nerve endings
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| The lungs are covered in a serous membranous sac called the | visceral pleura
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| the passageway for food and liquids into the digestive system, and for air into the respiratory system, is the | pharynx
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| The vocal cords are located in the | larynx
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| The function of the trachea is to | conduct air to and from the lungs
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| The nasal cavity is divided into two portions by the | septum
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| The bones of the palm of the hand are referred to as | metacarpals
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| The muscles important in respiration are | intercostal
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| The thick, fan-shaped muscle that lies on the anterior chest is the | pectoralis major
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| The triangular muscle of the shoulder that abducts the arm is the | deltoid
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| which of the abdominal muscles orginigates at the pubic bone and ends in the ribs | *RECTUS ABDOMINIS
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| One of the principal muscle of the pelvic floor is the | levator ani
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| The gastrocnemius is the chief muscle of the | calf of the leg
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| A connective tissue band that holds bones together is called | ligament
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| The two bones that form the side walls and the roof of the cranium are the | parietal bones
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| The sternocleidomastoid muscle is located | along the side of the neck
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| The medial bone of the forearm, which is located on the small-finer side of the hand is called the | ulna
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| The bone that is shaped like butterfly and forms the anterior portion fo the base of the cranium is the | Sphenoid
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| The bone that forms the posterior portion of the skull is the | occipital
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| The lower jawbone is the | mandibule
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| The adult vertebral column has | 26 bones
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| The conjuntiva is | the covering of the anterior globe except the cornea
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| The part of the brain responsible for maintenance of balanced and muscle tone, as well as coordination of voluntary muscle is | the cerebellum
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| The area of the brain that controls the respiratory center is the | medulla oblongata
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| The largest part of the brain is the | cerebrum
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| The winding cone-shaped tube of the iner ear is the | cochlea
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| the vein in the bend of the elbow that is commonly used as a site for veinpuncuture is the | median cubital vein
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| The superior and inferior mesenteric arteries supply the | intestines
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| the vein that drains the veins of the chest wall and epties into the superior vena cava is the | azygos vein
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| The AV node causes | ventricular contraction
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| The descending aorta termiantes at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra, dividing into | two common iliac arteries
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| Tiny blood vessels that permeate and nourish tissue are called | capillaries
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| the reabsorption of water and electrolytes is the main function of the | large intestine
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| The terminal portion of the large intestine is the | anal canal
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| Which structure is known as the "fatty appron"? | greater omentum
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| The common bile duct is the union of the | cystic duct and hepatic duct
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| the function of the molar teeth is to | crush and grind food
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| mumps occur in the | parotid glands
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| The supporting structure of the male reproductive system is the | spermatic cord
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| Staphylococcus aureus would most likely be transmitted by | nose and mouth
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| Rod-like shaped bacteria are identified microscopically as | bacili
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| What organism is responsible for a boil | Staphylococcus aureus
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| the burn classification that is characterized by a dry, pearly white, or charred-appearing surface is | third degree burn
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| OSHA Is a governmental regulating agency whose aim is to | execute requirementes designed to prevent transmission of blood-borne pathogens in the work enviroment
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| A wound that is infected or one in which there is excessive loss of tissue heals by | secondary intention
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| the type of wound healing that requires debridement is | third
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| a drug that interferes with the blood clotting mechanism is | Heparin
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| An mg is a measurement of | weight
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| The solutios used intravenously to replace plasma when plasma is not available is | Dextran
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| a drug that increase blood pressure | epinephrine
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| the action of an anticholinergic drug is to reduce | secretions
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| Nalaxone (Narcan) is an example of a | narcotic
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| Avitene is | a hemostatic
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| An absorbable gelatin hemostatic agent that is often soked in thrombin or epinephrine solution is | Gelfoam
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| Each of the following agents must be applied using dry gloves or instruments EXCEPT | *GELFOAM, collastat, avitene, helistat
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| An anticoagulant given subcutaneously, intravenously or as a flush is | heparin
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| A drug that decreases the tendency of plood platelets to clot is | warfarin sodium
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| an antibiotic used intraoperatively is | Gentamicin
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| a topical antibiotic is | Bacitracin
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| An osmotic diuretic agent used to decrese cerebral edema and intraocular edema is | manitol
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| A systemic agent used to control uterine hemorrhage is | pitocin
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| Solu-Medrol is an | anti-inflammatory
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| Tubal patency may be tested by the installation of _________ into the uterine cavity | methylene blue
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| A mydriatic drug, Neo-Synephrine, is used to | dilate the pupil
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| Immobility of the eye, along with lowered intra-ocular pressure is facillitated by the use of | retrobulbar block
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| Miochol is a | miotic
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| Heparin effects are reversed by | protamine sulfate
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| Levophed | restores and maintains blood pressure
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| A drug used to trear metabolic acidosis is | sodium bicarbonate
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| Neuroleptoanalgesia combines | a tranquilizer and narcotic
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| The most frequently used barbiturate for intravenous anesthesia is | pentothal
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| Halothane is also called | Flouthane
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| The indication for an epidural would be | anorectal, vaginal, perineal and obstetric procedures
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| Compazine is | an antiemetic
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| Pontocaine is | tetracaine HCL
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| A drug used to reverse hypotension is | Levophed
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| A drug that could be used to reverse the effects of muscle relaxants is | Prostigmin
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| Which piece of ewuipment of extreme importnace when anesthesia induction begins | suction
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| The minimum distance a nonsterile person should remain from a sterile field is | 1 foot
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| Identify which of the following is not safe practice | sterile tables may be covered from later use
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| Tables are considered steril | only on the top
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| At the end of the case, drapes should be | checked for instruments, rolled off, and placed in a hamper
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| if a solution soaks through a sterile drape | cover wet area with imprevious sterile drape or towel
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| The pounds of pressure necessary in a steam sterilizer set at 250oF is | 15 - 17
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| Positive assurance that sterilization conditions have been achieved can only be obtained through | biological control test
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| A wrapped tray of instruments is sterilized in a gravity displacement sterilizer at 250oF for | 30 minutes
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| The minimum exposure time for unwrapped instruments in a flash sterilizer that is set at 270oF (132oC) is | 3 minutes
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| When steam is used to sterilize a rubber tubing or catheter | a residual of distilled water should be left inside the lumen
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| To be sterilized effectively, a linen pack must not weigh more than | 12 pounds
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| gravity displacement utilizes _______ to destroy microorganisms | steam
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| The process called cavitation occurs in the | ultrasonic cleaner
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| All of the following statements regarding instruments sets are true EXCEPT | instruments must be placed in perforated trays, heavy instruments are placed ont he bottom, *ALL INSTRUMENTS MUST BE CLOSED, all detachable parts must be disassembled
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| all of the following statements regarding steam sterilization are true EXCEPT | flat packages are placed on the shelf on edge, small packages, placed one on top of the other, are criss-crossed, basins are placed on their sides, * SOLUTIONS MAY BE AUTOCLAVED ALONG WITH OTHER ITEMS AS LONG AS THEY ARE ON A SHELF ALONE
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| Wrapped basin sets may be sterilized by steam under pressure at 250oF for a minimum of | 20 minutes
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| Which of the following statements regarding the sterilization of basin sets is true | basins must be separated by a porous material if they are nested
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| Why would gas sterilization be chosen over steam sterilization | it is less damaging to items
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| The chemical agent used in gas sterilization is | ethylene oxide
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| What chemical system uses peracetic acid as the sterilant | steris
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| The lumen of a tubing undergoing ethylene oxice (EO) sterilization is | dried thoroughly
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| Why is ethylene oxide diluted with an inert gas such as chloroflurocarbon | it provides flame retardation
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| In a high-speed flash sterilizer, unwrapped instruments are exposed for a minimum of | 3 minutes
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| To kill spores, an item must be immersed in a 2% aqueous solution of glutaraldehyde for | 10 hours
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| "Slow exhaust" in a gravity displacement steam sterilizer is used for | solutions
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| Oil is best sterilized by | convection hot air
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| what is the function of an aerator in EO sterilization | it is a separate unit used to decrese the aeration time
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| Ethylene oxide destroys cells by | interfering with the normal metabolism of the protein and reporductive precesses
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| Activated glutaraldehyde is used to disinfect endoscopes for | 20 minutes
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| when using a high-level disinfectant, always | rinse items with sterile distilled water before using
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| the chemical sterilant used in the STERIS method of sterilizing is | peracetic acid
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| The Endoflush system | initially cleans reusable channeled instruments
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| Which of the following is not an acceptable wrapper for gas sterilizaation | nylon
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| Which of the following is the only acceptable plastic that can be used for a steam sterilization wrapper | polypropylene
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| an item dropped on the floor is considered safe only if | it is enclosed in an imprevious material
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| The room temperature in an OR should be | between 68 and 76oF
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| If an OR staff member wears eyeglasses | the glasses should be wiped with an antiseptic solution before each operation
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| The most effective protection from the radiation of x-rays is a | lead apron
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| It is considered good technique to | handle the mask only by the strings
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| sterile gloves | should be wiped off after donning to remove lubricant
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| electrical cords should be | removed from pathways so equipment is not rolled over them
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| Scatter radiation effects are directly related to | amount of radiation and length of exposure time
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| when using a patient roller, how many people are necessary to move the patient safely and efficiently | four
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| To move the patient from the transport stretcher to the OR table | one person stands next to the stretcher, one adjacent to the OR table, while the patien moves over
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| When moving a patient with a fracture in the OR< all of the following are true EXCEPT | extra personnel necessary, SUPPORT OF THE EXTREMITY SHOULD ALWAYS BE FROM BELOW THE SITE OF FRACTURE, lifters on the affected side support the fracture, the surgeon should be present
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| To avoid compromising the venous circulation, the restraint or safety strap should be placed: | 2 inches above the knee
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| A patient with a fractured femur is being moved to the OR table, who is responsible for supporting and protecting the fracture site? | the physician
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| Crossing the patient's arms across his or her chest may cause | interference with respiration
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| A precaution always taken when the patient is in the supine position is to | protect the heels from pressure on the OR table
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| During lateral position a | pillow is placed between the legs
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| To prevent strain to the lumbosacral muscles and ligaments when the patient is in the lithotomy position: | the buttocks must not extend beyond the table edge
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| When using an armboard, the most important measure is to | avoid hyperextension of the arm
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| Anesthetized patients should be moved slowly to | allow the circulatory system to adjust
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| If the patient is in a supine position, the circulator must always | see that the ankles and legs are not crossed
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| Diastolic blood pressure refers to | the relaxation phase between heartbeats
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| Systolic blood pressure represents | the greatest force caused by contraction of the left bentricle of the heart
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| tachycardia is a(n) | heartbeat over 100 beats per minute
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| the most common artery used to feel the pulse is the | radial artery
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| the body temperature taken orally is 98.6oF what is it in Celsius? | 37oC
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| which term indicates low or decreased blood volume? | hupovolemia
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| If the suregeon wants to assess the patient's ability to void voluntarily via the urethra, yet sees the need for urinary drainage, he could use a | Bonanno suprapubic catheter
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| When catheterizing a patient | the tip of the catheter must be kept sterile
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| in which burn classification are the skin and subcutaneous tissue destroyed | third
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| Uncontrolled increased positive pressure in one side of the thorax causes collapse of the opposite side, which is called | mediastinal shift
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| why is the obese patient at greater surgical risk than one of normal weight | fat has poor vascularity
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| when drawing a blood sample for ABG's what is considered a safe time laps between blood drawing and analysis | 10 minutes
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| The preop urinalysis test done on a patient inidicates that the specific gravity is 1.050 this | is above normal range and her or she is dehydrated
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| A type and crossmatch is done | if the surgeons anticipates in advance of the operation that blood loss replacement may be necessary
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| A patient scheduled for surgery has a hematocrit reading of 40% of whole blood volumen. This is | within normal range
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| Inherited deficiencies of coagulation in which bleeding occurs spontaneously after minor trauma is | hemophilia
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| Preoperative chest x-rays | should be done on all surgical patients
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| An electrocardiogram is | an electrical recording of heart activity
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| After being shceduled in the OR for a routine tonsillectomy, the nurese checking the chart of a patient notes that the hemoglobin is 9.0gr This reading is | below normal range
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| A microscopic blood exam that estimates the percentages of each type of white cell is called a | differential blood count
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| Operative records documenting all aspects of perioperative care are required by | JCHO
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| Except for endotracheal tube installation, basic life support cannot be interrupted for more than | 5 seconds
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| External caridac compression | provides oxygen to vital tissues
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| which action is the responsibility of the scrub person during an intraoperative CPR effort? | remain sterile, keep track of counted items, and assist as necessary
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| A pt was burned on the lip with a hot mouth gag. Which of the following actions would have prevented this incident | the scrub nurse cooled the item in a basin with sterile water
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| a pt signs a permission form for surgery, but because a language barrier he didn't understand what he has signed. This could constitute a liability case for | assault and battery
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| If a pt falls because he was left unattended, the OR team member could be cited in a lawsuit for | abandonment
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| Which is not considered a safe procedure when caring for dentures inadvertently sent to the OR | wrap in a plastic bag and attach to the patient's chart
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| A lack of care or skill that any nurse or tech in the same situation would be expected to use is the leagal definition of | negligence
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| The leagal doctrine that mandates every pfordessional nurese and tech to carry out theoir duties according to the nat. standards of care practiced throughout the country is | Doctrine of Resonable Man
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| The doctrine of Respondeat Superior refers to | employer liability for employee's negligent conduct
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| Liability is a legal rule that | holds each individuals responsible for his or her own actions
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| a criteria that identifies, measures, monitors and evaluates patient care is | quality assurance programs
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| In which way could a patient's response to impending surgery exchibit itself | tension and anxiety, fear and suspicion, anger and hostility, ALL OF THE ABOVE
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| Excessive exposure to radiation can affect the | reporductive organs
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| radiation exposure of the staff is monitored with | film badges
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| ionizing radiation protection is afforded by the use of | lead
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| a potential safety hazard associated with laser surgery is | eye injury
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| An OR hazard that has been linked to increased risk of spontaneous abortion in female OR employees is exposure to | waste anesthetic gas
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| Which virus can be transmitted by a needle puncture or splash in the eye | Hepatitis B
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| While using the mixture, a scavenging system is used to collect and exhaust or absorb its vapors, IT is called | methylmethacrylate
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| The best measure for staff protection against HIV is | handling all needles and sharps carefully and using barriers to avoid direct contact with blood and body fluids
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| Which body organ is most susceptible to laser injury | the eye
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| how is inhalation of the laser plume best prevented | with mechanical smoke evacuator or suction with a high efficiency filter
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