Budgeting AICP
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| What is a budget? | is the allocation and expenditure of funds to provide service to the public. A budget serves to set spending priorities.
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| What are the two primary types of budgets? | Operational and Capital Budget
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| What is a operation budget? | includes everyday expenditures of an organization, such as supplies, personnel, and maintenance of office space.
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| What is a capital budget? | includes long-term purchases, such as a new building, recreation center, water main, or major equipment.Capital Improvements Program (CIP) is a longer range (5-10 year) look at the capital needs of a community. A CIP includes project descriptions, estimat
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| What is a CIP? | Capital Improvements Program (CIP) is a longer range (5-10 year) look at the capital needs of a community. A CIP includes project descriptions, estimated costs, construction timelines, and sources of funding.
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| What are the four types of budgeting? | Line Item Budeting, Planning Program and Budget system, Zero Base Budget and Performance BAsed Budget.
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| What is a line item budget? | indidual expenditures.
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| What is a PPBS? | basing the budget on goals rather than individual expenditures.
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| What is a zero base budget? | BAsed on decision packages and ranked from highest to lowest priority.
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| What is a performance based budget? | funding based on performance.
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| What is a PAY AS YOU GO? | uses current funds to pay for capital improvement projects;
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| What are reserve funds? | are ones that have been saved for the purchase of future capital improvements;
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| What are general obligation bonds? | are voter-approved bonds for capital improvements. GO Bonds use the tax revenue of the government to pay back the debt;
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| What are revenue bonds? | For example, revenue bonds could be issued to pay for a new water main. The debt would be paid back through the water use fees. Revenue bonds are commonly used to finance utility improvements and special facilities, such as baseball stadiums.
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| This finance techniques allows allows a designated area to have tax revenue increases used for capital improvements in that area. | Tiffs
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| This type of finance allow a particular group of people to be assessed the cost of a public improvement. Property owners are offered the option of having regular street lights for free or ornamental street lights at their expense. | Special Assessment
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| This type of budget is 1)stand-alone packages or programs 2)each package describes the what, the cost, who will benefit, and possible alternatives 3)projects can be ranked quickly and objectively 4)has been used for over fifty years | Capital Budgeting
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| In planning and budgeting systems, which can be described as having its focus on evaluating and ranking outputs by program? | Project Management
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| Which of the following can be described as a group of problem-solving tools useful in achieving process stability? | Statistical Process Control
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| THis type of analysis determines the full cost of delivering a service or group of services. | For example, cost revenue analysis could be used to determine the Cost Revenue economic feasibility of annexing various types of land uses into a city.
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| What budgeting model can be described as involving capital projects that are linked to a comprehensive pla | Capital Improvement Programming
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| What is the term that refers to financing of improvements to a specific area with bonds that are secured by increases in property taxes? | Tax increment financing uses bonds secured by the increment in property taxes that results from increases in property values due to specific improvements.
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| This budget refers to facilities planned for the next fiscal year The budget program refers to improvements scheduled in succeeding four to five years This budget is part of a legally binding one year fiscal budget | Capital Improvement Programs
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| this is a tool that is used to communicate all the relevant information about a real estate development project. It balances the costs of a project against the flow of income which the project will produce. | Pro Forma
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| Primary purpose of a fiscal impact analyssi? | Assist city or county officials determine if a project will generate sufficient revenue to defray necessary public service costs.
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| 1. Analyzing decision packages Incorrect 2. Ranking decision packages in order of priority Incorrect 3. Isolating decision package | Zero Based Budget
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| What technique can be used to find the optimum design solution on a project? | Linear Programing
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| an account that manages the revenues and expenditures of a self-sufficient activity such as a minor league baseball park, parking garage, zoo. | Enterpise Fund
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| a depressed urban area in which employers receive tax reductions and/or other economic incentives for establishing businesses and employing the disadvantaged. | Enterprise Zone
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| It is a method of financing to provide front end funds in order to assist in large scale redevelopment. | TIF's
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| What is a Goals - Achivement Matrix utiliezed? | A method for assession project alternatives by weighting the alternatives according to citizen group goals.
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| IS a CIP Budget for porjects in the next fiscal year? | yES
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| Is a CIP budget par legally binding one year fiscal budget? | YES
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| Does a CIP budget not commit the governement body to spend any money? | YES
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| Financing of improvements in a specific area with bonds that are secured by increases in property taxes in referred to as? | TIF
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| An urban area defined as depressed and made eligible for special government assistance for economic development in the form of tax breaks and subsidies is a? | Empowerment Zone
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| a one time fee for a direct improvement? | special assessment
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| PPBS was developed by what orginization | Defense department.
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| what was the reason in the 1930s for CIP's? | The successful accomplisments of large public work projects.
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| This type of budget It lacks focus on programs, looking at individual expenditures rather than how those expenditures fund programs and/or the results of those programs. | Line item budget.
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| This type of budge has a disadvantage that is time-consuming to prepare and requires that goals and objectives be stated in measurable terms. | Planning, Programming, Budgeting Systems (PPBS)
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| This type of budget has an advantage of this method is that it requires a department to consider every aspect of its operation and concentrate on why it does things the way it does. | Zero-Base Budgeting (ZBB)
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| This type of budget is by performance-based budgeting is focused on linking funding to performance measures. For example, funding could be tied to the amount of time it takes to process plat applications or building permits. | Performance-based budget
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| What are the five program management techniques? | Goals Achievement Matrix (GAM), Gantt Chart, Linear programming, Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT, Critical Path Method (CPM).
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| This type of management technique is a is a comprehensive way to evaluate a project. The GAM is a chart that shows the anticipated attainment of a project’s goals and the assignment of accomplishing a goal to a group? | Goals Achievement Matrix (GAM)
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| This type of management technique This chart focuses on the sequence of tasks necessary for project completion. Each task is represented as a single horizontal bar on an X-Y chart. The X-axis is the time scale over which the project will endure. | Gantt Chart
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| This type of management technique is a method that attempts to find the optimum design solution for a project. This system takes a set of decision variables within constraints and comes up with an optimum design solution. | Linear Programming
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| This type of management technique is a scheduling method that graphically illustrates the interrelationships of project tasks. | Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)
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| This type of management technique has a project task has a known amount of time to complete and cannot be completed before the previous one is completed. | Critical Path Method
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| This system was developed by Robert McNamaras in the US Department of Defense. | Planning Programming Budgetary System
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| PPBS 1st distinct characterisitic | it focuses on the fundamental objective or proposed of a program
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| PPBS 2nd distinct characterisitic | it exmplicity identifies the future implications of current budgeting decisions
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| PPBS 3rd distinct characterisitic | it considers all cost
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| PPBS 4th distinct characteristic | it systematically analyses alternative programs
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| What is the annual rate of interest paid on a bond that a borrower pays to the bond holder? | Coupon rate.
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| In Planning and Budgeting systems, Project Management (PM) can be described as which of the following? | focused on evaluating and ranking outputs
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| Which budgeting technique has been used for over fifty years and has stand-alone packages or programs? | Capital Budgeting
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| This type of budget uses categories on division by programs and sevices. | Performance budget
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| Relevancy, Consistancy and Comparibility are principal advantages to what code adopted in 1994? | NAICS over the SIC codes they replaced.
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| what term describes funds that are accumulated in advance for capital purchase or construction | Reserve Funds
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| In financing, what can be described as, "funds that are accumulated in advance for capital purchase or construction."? | Reserve Funds
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| What budgeting model can be described as involving capital projects that are linked to a comprehensive plan? | Capital Improvement Programming
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