| Question | Answer |
| weight | the force of gravity acting on
an object |
| mass | the amount of matter that
makes up an object or substance |
| volume | the amount of space an
object or substance takes up |
| displace | to take the place of |
| density | a measure of the mass per
unit volume of a substance |
| characteristic property | a property
that makes a particular substance
distinct from others |
| buoyancy | the upward supportive
force on an object in a fluid |
| swim bladder | a controllable,
balloon-like chamber that allows
fish to alter their buoyancy |
| ballast tanks | compartments in a
ship or submarine that take in water
to keep the ship stable or help a
submarine dive below the surface |
| pressure (scientifi c defi nition) | the force per unit area |
| pressure formula | force/area |
| pressure measured in | pascals(Pa)1 Pa = 1 N/m2 |
| atmospheric pressure | the force
the atmosphere exerts on a unit of
surface area |
| Pascal’s Law | states that a force
applied to a fluid is distributed equally
through all parts of the fluid |
| compress | to pack closely together;
squeeze |
| compressibility | the ability to be
squeezed into a smaller volume |
| pneumatic system | a system that
uses gases under pressure |
| hydraulic system | a system that uses
liquids under pressure |
| Hydraulic and pneumatic fluid systems consist 1 | a pump (sometimes including cylinders and pistons) forces fluids
through a system
• conductors (tubing, hoses, or pipes) provide a pathway to carry
the fluid |
| Hydraulic and pneumatic fluid systems consist 2 | valves keep the fluid moving in the desired direction at the desired
time
• a pressure gauge monitors pressure within the system
Each component has its own job to do |
| density formula | mass/volume |
