Earth's Weather
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| What properties does air have? | Has weight, takes up space, exerts pressure
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| What 4 things cause changes in air pressure? | Volume, temperature, humidity, altitude
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| What instrument is used to measure air pressure? | barometer
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| Air pressure moves from higher to lower, or lower to higher? | higher to lower
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| Winds that blow steadily over long distances | global winds
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| Transfer of heat through motion | convection
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| What moves heat and water around the Earth? | currents
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| What does El Nino cause? | Surface temperatures to rise, air pressure over the water to fall, winds to change directions
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| Storms with a low pressure center that cause a circular pattern of winds to form | cyclones
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| What are examples of cyclones? | Tornadoes (twisters), hurricanes, typhoons
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| Bulge of water in the ocean caused by hurricanes | storm surge
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| In what direction do cold and warm fronts tend to move in North America? | From west to east
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| The leading edge of a cold air mass | cold front
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| The leading edge of a warm air mass | warm front
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| Name 3 ways scientists collect weather data. | Radar, satellite, weather balloon
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| Name 3 ways a hurricane causes damage. | Storm surge (flooding), wind damage (destroying cars, houses, and other property), lightning and rain
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| Why are temperatures different around the world? | The sun heats the Earth unevenly, because it is shaped like a sphere.
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| What causes storms? | When a cold air mass meets a warm air mass, the cold air sinks and pushes the warm air up. As the air cools, towering clouds form, leading to thunderstorms.
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| How do oceans affect the weather and climate of nearby land? | Ocean currents keep nearby land temperatures in a moderate range.
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| What type of weather do low pressure systems bring? | Cloudy, rainy/stormy weather.
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| What type of weather do high pressure systems bring? | Clear, sunny weather.
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