Vocabulary
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| Separation Of Powers | A constitutional structure of government where legal authority is divided between various institutions
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| Habeas Corpus | A writ requiring a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court, esp. to secure the person's release unless lawful grounds are shown for their detention
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| Executive Branch | the branch of the United States government that is responsible for carrying out the laws
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| Legislative Branch | The branch of the United States government that has the power of legislating. Concerned in making the law.
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| judicial branch | The branch of the United States government responsible for the administration of justice. Hears and settles legal disputes.
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| judicial review | review by a court of law of actions of a government official or entity or of some other legally appointed person or body or the review by an appellate court of the decision of a trial court
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| veto | A constitutional right to reject a decision or proposal made by a law-making body
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| confirmation | The action of confirming something or the state of being confirmed
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| Appeal | Apply to a higher court for a reversal of the decision of a lower court.
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| Treaty | A formally concluded and ratified agreement between countries.
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| Amendments | A change or addition to a legal or statutory document, An article added to the US Constitution .
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| Bill | A draft of a proposed law presented to parliament for discussion.
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| franchise | An authorization granted by a government or company to an individual or group enabling them to carry out specified commercial activities, e.g., providing a broadcasting service or acting as an agent for a company's products.
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| Due Process | the administration of justice according to established rules and principles; based on the principle that a person cannot be deprived of life or liberty or property without appropriate legal procedures and safeguards.
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| equal protection of the law | The Equal Protection Clause, part of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, provides that "no state shall ... deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws".
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| necessary and proper clause | A section of the United States Constitution that enables Congress to make the laws required for the exercise of its other powers established by the Constitution
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| states’ rights | All rights not delegated to the federal government by the Constitution nor denied by it to the states.
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| reserved powers | The powers granted to the states under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution.
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| enumerated powers | Certain powers delegated to the federal government by the states.
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| implied powers | those delegated powers of the national government implied by (inferred from) the expressed powers; those powers “necessary and proper” to carry out the delegated powers.
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| federalism | The federal principle or system of government
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| republican government | Representative democracy is a form of government founded on the principle of elected individuals representing the people, as opposed to autocracy and direct democracy.
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| socialism | A political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole
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| monarchy |
A monarchy is a form of government in which all political power is absolutely or nominally lodged with an individual, known as a monarch.
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| oligarchy | A small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution.
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| theocracy | a form of government in which a god or deity is recognized as the state's supreme civil ruler, or in a higher sense, a form of government in which a state is governed by immediate divine guidance or by officials who are regarded as divinely guided.
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| democracy | A system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives.
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| constituents | an artifact that is one of the individual parts of which a composite entity is made up; especially a part that can be separated from or attached to a system
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| incumbents | The holder of an office or post
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| representative | Based on representation of the people by such deputies
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| senator | A member of a senate
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| equal justice | Equal Justice is a respect for independence and unalienable rights of the individual and general tolerance for individuality.
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| Economic Growth | steady growth in the productive capacity of the economy (and so a growth of national income).
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| Private Property Rights | Individuals are allowed to own property and retain the benefits of their property for personal use.
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| Physical Capital | Human- man made items used to produce and distribute goods and services.
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| Human Capital | Skills, Knowledge, and experience that enable people to be productive and earn income.
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| Investment | Using resources in a way that will lead to greater production in the future.
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| Infrastructure | Economy's transportation system, communication system, financial system , & educational system.
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