ap government flash
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| apportionment | The process of allotting congressional seats to each state following he deccennial cencus according to theeir proportion of the population.
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| bicameral legislature | Bicameralism is an essential and defining feature of the classical notion of Mixed Government. Bicameral legislatures usually require a concurrent majority to pass legislation.
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| bill | proposed law under consideration by a legislature.[1] A bill does not become law until it is passed by the legislature and, in most cases, approved by the executive.
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| cloture | Mech requiring soxty senators to vote to cut off debate.
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| conference budget |
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| congressional budget act of 1974 | Act that estab;ished the congressional budget process by laying out a plan for congressional action on the anual budget resolution, appropiations, reconciliation, and any other revenue bills.
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| congressional review | A process whereby congress can mullify agency regulations by a joint resolution of legislative disapproval.
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| delegate | roled played by an elected representative who votes the way his or her constituents would want him or her to, regardless of his or her own opinions.
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| discharge petition | petition that gives a majority of the house of representatives the authority to bring an issue to the floor in the face of committee inaction.
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| divided government | the political condtion in which diferent political partie controls the presidency and congress.
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| earmark | Funds that an appropriation bill designates for specific projects within a state or congressional district.
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| filibuster | A formal way of halting senate action on a bill means of long speeches or unlimited debate.
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| gerrmandering | is a practice that attempts to establish a political advantage for a particular party or group by manipulating district boundaries to create partisan advantaged districts
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| hold | A tactic by which a senator ask to be informed before a particular bill or nomination is brought to the floor.
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| impeachment | The power delegated to the house of representatives in the constitution to charge the president, vice president of civil officers including ferderal judges with "treasons bribery, or other highcrimes and misdemonors."
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| incumbency | already holding office
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| joint committee | standing committee that includes members from both house of congresssetup to conduct investigations or special studies.
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| logrolling | Vote trading, voting to support a colleague's bill in return for a promise of future support.
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| majority party | The political party in each house of congress with the most members
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| majority leader | the head of the party controlling the most seats in the house of representatives or the senate; is second in authority to the speaker of house.
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| markup | A session in which committee member offer changes to a bill before it goes to the floor.
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| minority party | The political in each house of congress with the seond most members
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| party caucus or conference | A formal gathering of all party members.
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| pocket veto | If congress adjourns during the ten days the president has to consider a bill passed by both house of congress, the bill is considered vetoed without the president's signature.
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| politico | roled played by an elected representative who acts as a trustee or as a delegate, depending on the issue.
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| pork | Legisation that allows representatives to bring money and jobs to their districts in the form of public works programs, military baes, or other programs.
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| president pro tempore | the officiak chair of the senate usually the most senior member of the majority party.
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| reconcliliation | A procedure that allows consideration of controversial ossues affecting the budget by limitingg bedate to twenty hours, there by ending threat of the filibuster.
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| redistricting | the process of drawing United States electoral district boundaries, often in response to population changes determined by the results of the decennial census
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| select (or special) comittee | temporary committee appointed for a specific purpose.
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| senatorial courtesy | A process by which presidents, when selecting district courts judges, defer to the sentor in whose state the vacant occurs.
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| seniority | time of continuous service on a committee.
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| speaker of the house | the only officer of the house or representatives specifically mentioned in the constitution; traditionally a member of the majority party.
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| standing comittee | comittee to which prosposed bills are referred; continues from one congress to the next.
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| trustee | Role played by an elected representative who listens to constituent's opinion and then uses his or her best judgement to make a final decision.
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| unified government | The political condition in which the same political party controls the presidency and congress.
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| veto | The formal, constitutional authority of the president to reject bills passes by both houses of congress, thus preventing them from becoming laws without further congressional action.
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| war powers act | Passed by congress in 1973 the president is limited in the deployment of troops overseas to a sixty-day period in peacetime.
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| whip | A party leader who keep close contract with all members of his of her party, takes votes counts on key legislation prepares summaries of bills & acts as a communication link within a party.
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| minority leader | the head of the party who keeps close contact ith all members of his or her party
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| confrence committee | special joint committee created to reconcile differences in bills passed by the house and senate.
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