Based on Clinical Pharmacology Made Incredibly Easy ch.1-3
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Define Pharmacokinetics | show 🗑
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What is drug absorption? | show 🗑
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show | Requires cellular energy to move the drug from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. Used to absorb electrolytes, such as sodium and potassium, as well as some drugs such as Levodopa.
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What is passive transport? | show 🗑
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show | A unique form of active transport that occurs when a cell engulfs a drug particle. Commonly employed to transport fat-soluble vitamins.(A,D,E,and K)
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show | Route of administration
Patient medical history
First-pass effect
Increased blood flow to absorption site
Pain and stress
High-fat meals
Drug formulation
Drug-drug and food-drug interactions
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What is drug distribution? | show 🗑
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What factors can effect drug distribution? | show 🗑
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What is drug metabolism? | show 🗑
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show | certain diseases
genetics
environment
developmental changes
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show | Elimination of drugs from the body
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Define Pharmacodynamics | show 🗑
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Define Pharmacotherapeutics | show 🗑
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show | Occur between drugs or between drugs and foods that interfere with lab results or produce physical or chemical incompatibilities.
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show | additive effects
potentiation (synergistic effect)
antagonistic effects
decreased or increased absorption, metabolism, and excretion
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Define adverse drug reaction | show 🗑
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show | secondary effects
hypersusceptability
overdose
iatrogenic effects
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show | Promote the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, also called parasympathomimetic drugs.
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show | The action and metabolism of these drugs vary widely and depend on the affinity of the drug for muscarinic or nicotinic receptors.
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show | Salivation
bradycardia
dilation of blood vessels
constriction of bronchioles
increased activity of the GI tract
increased tone and contraction of the bladder muscles
constriction of the pupils
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What are the pharmacotherpeutics of cholinergic agonists? | show 🗑
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What are the adverse reactions to cholinergic agonists? | show 🗑
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Define anticholinesterase drugs | show 🗑
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Define anticholinergic drugs | show 🗑
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show | cholinergic agonist drug
This drug is used to treat urinary retention and heartburn,
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show | anticholinergic blocker
Used before surgery to reduce oral, gastric, and respiratory secretions and prevent a drop in heart rate
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What is Atropine used to treat? | show 🗑
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What is the pharmacological drug class for Neostigmine? | show 🗑
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show | Also called sympathomimetic drugs because they produce effects similar to those produced by the sympathetic nervous system.
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show | An adrenergic drug class that stimulates the nervous system, constrict peripheral blood vessels, increase heart rate, and dilate the bronchi, such as epinephrine and norepinephrine
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Define adrenergic blocking drugs | show 🗑
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show | This drug class works by interupting the actions of the catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine at alpha receptors.
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What are the pharmacodynamics of alpha-adrenergic blockers? | show 🗑
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What are the pharmacotherapeutics of alpha-adrenegic blockers? | show 🗑
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Define beta-adrenergic blockers | show 🗑
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What are the pharmacodynamics of beta-adrenergic blockers? | show 🗑
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What are the pharmacotherapeutics of beta-adrenergic blockers? | show 🗑
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show | Used to relieve musculoskeletal pain or spasm and severe musculoskeletal spasticity.
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What is the pharmacological drug class for Dantrolene? | show 🗑
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show | This drug helps with spasticity in patients with cerebral palsy, MS, spinal cord injury, and stroke.
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What is the chemical name for Valium? | show 🗑
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show | This drug class is a muscle skeletal relaxant but also has anticonvulsants.
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What is the pharmacological drug class for Baclofen? | show 🗑
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show | This drug is a Benzodiazepine thats used to treat muscle spasms as well as spasticity caused by chronic disorders.
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show | Also called competitive or stabilizing drugs, are derived from curare alkaloids and synthetically similar compounds
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show | This drug is a depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug thats used to treat short term muscle relaxation.
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show | This drug is a dopaminergic drug used to improve motor function of the brain.
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show | These drugs are used as adjuncts to levodopa-carbidopa therapy in managing patients with Parkinson's disease.
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Define anticonvulsant drugs | show 🗑
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show | This drug is a very common hydantoin anticonvulsant drug class used to treat seizures.
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show | These drugs are considered anticonvulsants that treat partial or genralized tonic-clonic seizures, mixed seizure types, and complex partial seizures.
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show | This drug is an Iminostillbene anticonvulsant used to treat seizures.
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What are Triptan drugs? | show 🗑
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What is Ergotamine used for? | show 🗑
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show | A route of administration by injection or infusion.
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What is a subcutaneous injection? | show 🗑
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What is a pharmacological drug class? | show 🗑
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What is a pharmacotherapeutic drug class? | show 🗑
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show | A drug that is inactive when taken but becomes active when metabolized.
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show | Disopyramide
Amantadine
Buclizine, Cyclizine, Meclizine, and diphenhydramine
Haloperidol,phenothiazines, and thioxanthenes
Cyclobenzaprine
Orphenadrine
Tricyclic and Tetracyclic antidepressants
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show | Treatment used on a patient without prior diagnosis, based off of practical experience rather than on pure scientific data.
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show | a process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one, thus equalizing the concentrations on each side of the membrane.
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Anticonvulsants are also known as? | show 🗑
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Created by:
Christina.Maderas
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