unit 4 vocabulary
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| Ozone | toxic, colorless gas formed from oxygen, found in the ozone layer
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| Troposphere | lowest region of atmosphere, weather occurs in this layer
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| Stratosphere | above the troposphere, planes fly here, ozone layer found here
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| Mesosphere | above the stratosphere, meteors burn up here
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| Thermosphere | thin air, hot tempertures, above the mesosphere, outermost layer
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| Conduction | heat transfer through direct contact
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| Convection | warm air rises while cold air sinks because warm air is less dense
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| Radiation | heat energy transferred in waves
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| Reflection | throwing back energy without absorbing it
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| Scattering | when electromagnetic radiation is diffused
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| Greenhouse Effect | trapping the sun's warmth
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| Albedo | the proportion of the incident light or radiation that is reflected by a surface, typically that of a planet or moon
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| Isotherms | a curve on a diagram that joins subjects of the same conditions of temperature
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| Precipitation | rain, snow, sleet, hail
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| Latent Heat | the heat required to change a solid to a ligquid or vapor, or a liquid into a vapor, without changing its temperature
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| Evaporation | when a liquid turns into a gas
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| Condensation | when a gas turns into a liquid
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| Sublimation | when a solid turns into a gas WITHOUT the liquid state
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| Humidity | the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere
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| Saturated | holding as much water or moisture as possible
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| Dew point | atmosphereic temperature
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| Hygrometer/Psychrometer | used to measure the density of water
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| Weather front | a boundary separating air masses of different density
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| Condensation nuclei | where water vapor condenses
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| Cirrus | wispy, tufted clouds
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| Cumlus | rounded masses heaped on each other, low altitude
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| Stratus | continuous gray sheet, comes with rain and snow
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| Supersatured | increased concentration
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| Air pressure | pressure excerted by air
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| Barometer | an instrument used to measure air pressure
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| Pressure gradient | physical quantity that describes which direction and at what rate the pressure changes the most rapidly around a particular location
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| Coriolis effect | an effect where a mass in a rotating system experiences force perpendicular to the motion direction and axis of rotation. On earth, the effect deflects moving objects to the right in the NH and to the left in the SH. Cylonic weather fomation.
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| Jet stream | a narrow, variable band of very strong, predominantly westerly air currents encircling the globe several miles above the earth. There are typically two or three jet streams in each of the northern and southern hemispheres.
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| Cyclone | a system of winds rotating inward to an area of low atmospheric pressure, with a counterclockwise (northern hemisphere) or clockwise (southern hemisphere) circulation; a depression.
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| Anti-cyclone | a weather system with high atmospheric pressure at its center, around which air slowly circulates in a clockwise (northern hemisphere) or counterclockwise (southern hemisphere) direction. Anticyclones are associated with calm, fine weather
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| Trade winds | wind blowing gradually flowing through the equator from NE in the NH or SE in the SH, mostly at sea. 2 belts of trade wind encircle the earth blowing from the tropical high-pressure belts to the low-pressure zone at the equator.
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| Westerlies | winds blowing from the west
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| Polar eastlines | dry, cold windsm blowinf from high pressure areas in the north and south poles
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| Anemometer | equipment that measures speed of wind
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| El Nino | irregularly occuring and complex series of climatic changes that affects the equator pacific region
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| Air mass | body of air with horizontally uniform temperature, humidity, and pressure.
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| Stationary front | a pair of air masses where neither is strong enough to replace the other
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| Occluded front | a composite front produced by occlusion
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| Storm surge | the rising of the sea as a result of atmospheric changes and winds associated with storms
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
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