All you need to know about Mitosis if you are in the 7th Grade :)
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| What is mitosis? | Chromosomes multiply and divide when the cell reproduces daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell; cells divide
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| What is chromatin? | Uncoiled strand of DNA
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| What are chromosomes? | Coiled chromatin; contains genes
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| What are genes? | Segments of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a certain hereditary trait
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| What is a chromatid? | One part of a duplicated chromosome
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| What does a centromore do? | Attaches the 2 chromatids together
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| What are homologous pairs? | Chromosome pairs that are structurally similar and contain information for same genes
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| Where does Mitosis occur? | Human body (or somatic) cells; this is every cell except the egg and the sperm
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| How many chromosomes does a body (or somatic) cell have? | 46 Chromosomes; 23 pairs of homologous pairs
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| What are diploid cells? | They contain all homologous pairs of chromosomes
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| What are the 6 stages of cell division? | Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis
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| What is Interphase? | Chromosomes (in the form of chromatin) and organelles replicate
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| What is Prophase? | Chromatin coils into chromosomes; In animal cells centrioles appear at the sides of the cell; Spindle fibers form
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| What is Metaphase? | Chromosomes move to the center of the cell
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| What is Anaphase? | Chromosomes divide and chromatids separate; Chromosomes are pulled to opposite sides pulled by spindle fibers
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| What is Telophase? | Centrioles and spindle fibers disappear; Chromatids unwind into chromatin; Nuclear membrane reforms
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| What is Cytokinesis? | Cytoplasm in parent cell divides; there are now 2 daughter cells that have DNA identical to the parent cell; This leads to another phase of interphase where the cells divide again... It is a continuous cycle
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