6th Carnegie Course 1: Topic 1 Factors and Area
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| altitude | the height of a geometric figure
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| common factors | Factors that two numbers have in common are called the common factors of those numbers.
Example:
The factors of 20 are 1, 2, 4, 5, and 20.
The factors of 24 are 1, 2, 4, 6. 12 and 24.
The common factors of 20 and 24 are 2 and 4.
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| Commutative Property of Multiplication | For any numbers a and b, the product a(b) is equal to the product (b)a
Example:
a(b) = (b)a or 3(6) = (6)3
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| Distributive Property | The distributive property states that for any numbers a, b, and c:
a(b+c) = ab+ ac
Example: 2(6+3) = (2x6) + (2x3)
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| equation | An equation is a mathematical sentence that has two equal sides separated by an equal sign.
Example:
4 + 6 = 10 or 4+6 = 2 x 5
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| greatest common factor (GCF) | The largest factor two or more numbers have in common.
Example:
What is the GCF or 12 and 18?
The factors of 12= 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
The factors of 18= 1, 2, 3, 6, 18
The GCF is 6
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| kite | A kite is a quadrilateral shape with two pairs of adjacent (touching), congruent (equal-length) sides.
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| least common multiple (LCM) | the smallest multiple (other than 0) that two or more numbers have in common.
Example:
What is the LCM of 2 and 5?
Multiples of 2 = 2, 4, 6 ,8 , 10, 12.
Multiples of 5 = 5, 10, 15
The LCM is 10
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| multiple | the product (answer) of a given whole number multiplied by another whole number.
Example:
1x4=4
2x4=8
3x4=12
4, 8 and 12 are multiples of 4.
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| numeric expression | a mathematical phrase that contains numbers and operations.
Examples:
3(2+6)
(3x2) + (3x6)
4 - 3 x 1/2
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| parallelogram | a four-sided figure with opposite sides parallel and equal in length.
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| relatively prime numbers | two numbers that do not have any common factors other than 1.
Example:
12 and 13 are relatively prime numbers.
The only factor they have in common is 1.
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| trapezoid | a quadrilateral with only one pair of parallel sides
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| variable | A symbol for a number we don't know yet. It is usually a letter like x or y.
Example:
in x + 2 = 6, x is the variable.
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