The Age of Exploration and Conquest
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| why was travel by sea difficult | Ships could not navigate properly
Many sailors were afraid of the unknown
they thought the earth was flat and they would fall of
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| what were the reasons to explore | the influence of the renaissance
the stories of Marco Polo
new trade routes
the fall of Constantinople
desire for empire
Spreading Christianity
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| what are people that draw maps called | cartographers
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| what new map did the Portuguese develop | the portalon chart
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| name new inventions/equipment that allowed sailors to sail more easily | Quadrant
astrolabe
compass
log and line
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| what did portalon charts map | mapped harbours and coastlines
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| what did a quadrant and an astrolabe do | helped determine a ships latitude
(distance from equator) by using the
position of the stars and sun
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| what did the compass do | identify the north
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| what did a log and line do | measured a ships speed in knots
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| what was a logbook used for | used to record speeds
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| what was a caravel | large and sturdy ship used to make long
voyages and able to sail in all winds
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| what were rudders on the caravel used for | made it easier to steer caravels
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| what was a naos | a bigger versions of the caravels - used
when sailing the Atlantic
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| who rounded the Cape of Good Hope | Bartolomeu Dias
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| who sailed to Calicut in India | Vasco da Gama
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| which sailor reached the Americas | Christopher Columbus
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| who gave Columbus his ships | King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain
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| what were his three ships called | Nina Pinta and the Santa Maria
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| what type of boats were they | the santa maria was a nao and the other two were caravels
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| when did they (Columbus and his crew) leave Palos | 3rd August 1492
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| from where did they take fresh supplies | the Canary Islands
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| when did they find land | 12th October 1492
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| what did Columbus call the land | San Salvador
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| what was a conquisedores | Spanish for conquerors: soldiers who
conquered the native peoples of South
America
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| what did Ferdinand Magellan do in 1522 | proved the earth was round
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| why did Columbus call the people he found Indians | he thought he was in Asia
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| who was Hernán Cortés | the man who conquered the Aztecs
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| what was the capital of the Aztec empire | Tenochtitlan
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| why was the Aztec empire different from the European society | they had no iron or steel, no horse, cattle, sheep, pigs, or goats
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| what animals did the Aztecs eat | dogs and guinea pigs
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| why were the Aztecs tricked by Cortes | they thought he was one of their Gods
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| who were the Incas | Tribe in Peru before the age of
exploration that lay south of the Aztecs
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| what is colonisation | when a country takes over another
territory and settles some of its own
people there to control it
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| what is a colony | a country controlled by another
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| tell me the impact of colonisation on South America | the native population was decimated. from 25 to 3 million
destruction of cultures, many languages were lost
the spread of Christianity
Massive growth in slave trade
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| what was the slavery triangle | ships sailed to African slaving ports and
took slaves to the Americas
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| tell me the impact of colonisation on Europe | Other countries started creating their own empires
Conflict between countries, countries starded fighting for land
Spain became the most powerful country when they gold and silver from the Andes back
europe brought new animals to America,
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| tell me the impact of colonisation on Europe Pt2 | new foods such as potatoes chillies avocado cocoa (chocolate) coffe tomatoes and tobacco reached Europe
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| what was the columbian exchange | the exchange of foods and animals
between Europe and the Americas
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