Equine internal parasite scientific names, key points
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| Roundworm | Parascaris equorum
Defin host = horses
Intermediate " = none
Site of migrating larvae = liver + lungs
Site of adults = sm intestines
Common in = foals 2=6 mo
Clincal signs = coughing, nasal d/c, growth stunted
Tmt = ivermectin, benzimidoles, pyrant
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| Lg strongyles | Strongylus vulgaris
defin host = horses
intermediate "= none
Site larvae = mesenteric artery
site adult = cecum + lg intestine
Primary dmg caused by larvae
Signs = colic, anemia, torsion
Tmt = larvicidal anthelmintic by 2 mo
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| Sm strongyles | Cythastomes
defin host = horses
intermediate = none
site = cecum & lg intestine
Plug feeders, larvae more pathogenic more immune
Tmt = ivermectin, moxidectin (larvae), fenbendazole (adults)
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| Pinworm | Oxyuris equi OPERCULATED
defin host = horse
intermediate = none
site = cecum, lg intestine, rectum, perineal area
Females lay eggs around the anus → pruritis
Dx = scratch behavior, scotch tape, gross exam
Tmt = ivermectin, pyrantel, moxi, fenbenazol
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| Threadworm | Strongyloides westeri ZOONOTIC
defin host = most animals
intermediate = none
site adult = sm intestine
site larvae = skin lungs
right conditions, L3 parasitic → transdermal penetration, ingestion OR transmammary
Signs = "foal heat diarrhea" 9-13 d o
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| Horse bot/Stomach bot | Gasterophilus
defin host = horse
intermediate = horse botfly
1 gen/year
INTESTINALIS - eggs laid on forelegs/shoulders
NASALIS - eggs around jaws/lips
Signs = rare, irritation, interfere w/digestion, obstruction "worry factor"
Ivermectin
Inactive@
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| Stomach worm | Habronema
defin host = horse
intermediate = house&stable flies
site larvae = cutaneous habronemiasis
site adult = stomach
L3 must be ingested & reach stomach to mature or else cutaneous infection occurs
on legs, medial canthus, lower abdomen, prepuc
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| Tapeworm | Anoplocephala perfoliata
defin host = equids
intermediate = orbatid mite
site = sm/lg intestine, cecum
Mississippi
Passed in feces → ingested by mites, cysticercoid stage in 2-4 mo
Horses 3-4 yr
Signs = Colic
Dx = ELISA 54% horse exposed, eggs not
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| Babesia equi | Equine piroplasm
intermediate = dermacentor & rhipicephalus tick
site = RBC
Signs = anemia, icteric, hemoglobinuria
dx = blood smears
Tmt = slaughter, vector control, imidocarb
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| Causes EPM | Sarcocystis neurona
Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis
defin host = opossum
intermediate = armadillo, cat, skunk, raccoon
accidental = equine
Site = CNS
signs = ataxia, paralysis, abnormal gait
Tmt = Marquis
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