AP GOV 1.1-1.3 vocab
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| Thomas Hobbes | An English philosopher who wrote "The Leviathan."
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| Thomas Hobbes beliefs | believes that humans are better off giving away some of their rights than letting them live in a state of nature. believes that having a centralized gov that keeps the society together & follows the social contract is important.
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| John Locke and his beliefs | A British philosopher that made Natural Rights. Believed that all humans were equipped with natural rights to life,liberty, and property and that presidents who failed to protect these rights may be removed by the people.
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| Jean-Jacques Rousseau | A Swiss philosopher that made the Social Contract. Rousseau basically explains that people should live in a society together in agreement to let some natural rights go and establish some moral & political rules of behavior for the gov.
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| Baron de Montesquieu | A French philosopher who introduced the idea of separation of powers in the government-executive,legislature, and judiciary
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| Natural Rights | Rights that people have under Natural Laws. Life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness are the Natural Rights listed on the Declaration of Independence
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| Popular Sovereignty | the idea that the government is authorized by citizens
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| Republicanism | is the political belief that the best form of government is one in which citizens choose their representatives & leaders through free elections.
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| Limited government | a government kept under control by law,checks, & balances, and separation of powers
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| Representative republic | a collection of sovereign states gathered for the national interest, need, and defense
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| John Adams | 2nd president of the U.S. and helped with the making of the Declaration of Independence
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| Thomas Jefferson | 3rd president of the US, was the primary author of the DOI
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| Benjamin Franklin | Founding father of the USA, helped the US free themselves from Britain and helped with the making of the DOI
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| The Declaration of Independence (DOI) | Document that declared the American colonies independence from Great Britain
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| James Madison | 4th president of the US and made a major contribution to the ratification of the Constitution by writing the Federalists papers
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| Alexander Hamilton | First U.S. Secretary of the Treasury and also helped ratify the Constitution by writing the Federalists Papers. Also made the idea of a National bank
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| George Washington | 1st U.S. president and commanded the Continental army during the American Revolution
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| U.S. Constitution | A document that established the rules & principles that the U.S. government must follow. Main purpose was to create a Republic with a system of checks & balances to balance power between federal,judicial, and legislative branches of government.
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| Elite Democracy | a model of democracy in which a small number of people, usually those who are wealthy and well-educated, influence political decision making.
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| Interest Group | a group of persons that have a common identifying interest and organize to influence the government
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| Participatory Democracy | a model of democracy in which citizens have the power to participate & make policy decisions
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| Pluralist Democracy | a model of democracy in where there's not a single group that has control over politics and organized groups compete o influence on political decision making
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| Representative Democracy | a government in which the people entrust elected officials to represent their concerns
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| Anti-Federalists | a political party in the late 18th century that were against the creation of a stronger federal government & the ratification of the 1787 Constitution
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| Federalists | a political party in the late 18th century that heavily believed in & supported a strong central government, taxes, forming an army, and the ratification of the 1787 Constitution
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| Initiative | allows citizens/voters to propose new laws by gathering signatures
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| Referendum | allows citizens to contest/dispute the work of the legislative
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| Factions | a group whose interests are in control with the general good
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| Federalist No.10 | One of the Federalists papers; written by James Madison;Madison wants a strong federal government that protects liberty and goes against factions
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| Brutus No.1 | Essay against the Federalists; argued that a Republican form of government was wrong for the USA and that a Confederacy is better; No.1 on the anti-federalists papers
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| Inalienable | unable to be taken away from or given away by the possessor
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| Concern of Federalist No.10 | Madison was concerned about the dangers of factions. He wanted a stronger federal government that protected liberty and went against factions.
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| Solution for Federalist NO.10 | Madison suggested to control the factions effects by having a republican-style government. Madison's solution is to create a Republican gov, where its branches would separate and check each others powers; never allowing others to exceed.
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| Simple definition of solution for Federalists No.10 | Basically take away power from factions with oversaturation
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| Concern of Brutus no.1 | Concerned about if a Confederacy of state governments or a powerful central government was better for the US
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| Solution for Brutus No.1 | Brutus solution was that the US should be a Confederacy. he believed that a Republican form of government would not be right for the USA so he proposed a Confederacy was better.
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