PTAS 100 Exam 2 Review
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| PROM | Passive range of motion
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| AAROM | Active assist range of motion
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| AROM | Active range of motion
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| RROM | Resistive ROM
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| What are the normal end feels? | Hard, soft and firm/capsular
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| What are abnormal end feels? | Muscle spasm and empty
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| Sagital plane | Divides body in right and left sides
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| Frontal plane | Divides body into front and back portions
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| Transverse plane | Divides body into upper and lower portions
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| Contraction | Normal muscle shortening that occurs during voluntary movement
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| Contraction | Abnormal shortening of muscle and soft tissue
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| Pathological restrictions to ROM | Scar, fractures, arthritis, contracture
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| Non-pathological restrictions to ROM | Age, gender, hereditary, occupation, muscle bulk
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| What is PNF? | Proprioception neuromuscular facilitation
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| What are the shoulder components of D1 UE flex? | Flexion, adduction and ER
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| What are the shoulder components of D1 UE ext? | Extension, abduction and IR
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| What are the shoulder components of D2 UE flex? | Flexion, abduction and ER
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| What are the shoulder components of D1 UE ext? | Extension, adduction and IR
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| What are the hip components of D1 UE flex? | Flexion, adduction and ER
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| What are the hip components of D1 UE ext? | Extension, abduction and IR
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| What are the hip components of D2 UE flex? | Flexion, abduction and IR
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| What are the hip components of D2 UE ext? | Extension, adduction and ER
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| What are the indications for CPM? | S/P ORIF, joint replacement, ligament reconstruction, tendon reconstruction
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| What are precautions/contraindications for CPM? | Joint effusion, hemoarthrosis, severe soft tissue edema, vascular/sensory impairment, unstable fractures and active infection
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| What is pulse? | Heart rate or contraction of L ventricle
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| What is respiration? | Exchange of gases between lungs and environment
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| What is blood pressure? | Force of blood against vessel walls during cardiac contraction and relaxation
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| What are contraindications to BP? | S/P mastectomy, presence of IV, side of shunt for hemodialysis, recent fracture, side of CVA
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| What are the goals of phase of 1 of cardiac rehab? | Return to ADL and gentle physical activity as well as patient education
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| What are the goals of phase of 2 of cardiac rehab? | Return to functional activity (job, leisure etc)
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| What are the goals of phase of 3 of cardiac rehab? | Maintenance program - endurance training
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| What is effleurage? | Superficial stroke in massage to move contents of superficial vessels (blood and lymph)
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| What is petrissage? | Deep soft tissue stroke to mobilize deep muscle tissue
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| What is percussion? | Tapotment; stroke used in chest PT to mobilize lung secretions
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| What is friction? | Stroke designated to affect connective tissue in tendons, ligaments and muscles; can be used with scar tissue
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| What is chest PT? | PT for treatment of respiratory condition consisting of postural drainage, percussion and vibration
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| What is a prosthesis? | A replacement for a body part
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| What do transtibial prostheses consist of? | Foot, shank, socket and a suspension
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| What is a SACH foot? | Solid ankle cushion heel; permits plantarflexion and dorsiflexion
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| What is a SAFE foot? | Solid ankle flexible endoskeletal; like SACH but has mediolateral features
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| What is a SEATTLE foot? | Energy storing foot that assists with push-off
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| What is a Flex-foot? | Carbon laminated device that stores energy during late stance
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| What are the suspensions used in transtibial protheses? | Cuff, sleeve, brim designs (supracondylar, suprapatellar), thigh corset and pin-lock
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| What do transfemoral prostheses consist of? | Foot, shank, knee mechanism and socket
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| What types of sockets are found in the transfemoral prostheses? | Quadrilateral and ischial containment
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| What are the suspensions used in transfemoral protheses? | Suction, partial suction, no suction and pin-lock
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| What is a FO? | Foot orthoses
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| What is a AFO? | Ankle foot orthoses
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| What is a KAFO? | Knee ankle foot orthoses
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| What is a HKAFO | Hip knee ankle foot orthoses
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| What is a THKAFO? | Thoraco hip knee ankle foot orthoses
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| What is a TLSO? | Thoraco lumbo sacral orthoses
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| What is FELR? | Flexion, extension, lateral bending and transverse rotation
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| What type of orthoses helps with dorsiflexion? | Posterior leaf spring
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| What type of orthoses helps with ankle stability? | Solid AFO
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| What type of orthoses are helpful for patients with SCI or spina bifida? | THKAFO: Craig-Scott, Walkabout orthoses and reciprocating gait orthoses
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| What types of orthoses limit spinal movement? | LS FELO and TLS FEO
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| Name types of cervical orthoses: | Sort collar, four-post orthoses, minerva and halo
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| Name types of orthoses for scoliosis: | Milwaukee brace, low profile body jacket and wilmington orthoses
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