chemistryl
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nitrogenous waste that is excreted by the kidney via | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 40-60percent, depending on flow rate.
🗑
|
||||
| show | important for renal medullary concentration gradient (Na too).
🗑
|
||||
| BUN primarily used as | show 🗑
|
||||
| Azotemia | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | reduced renal perfusion.
🗑
|
||||
| Renal | show 🗑
|
||||
| Post-renal | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | urine SG.
🗑
|
||||
| Adequate min SG that is consistently | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | > 1030.
🗑
|
||||
| Cat SG | show 🗑
|
||||
| Others SG | show 🗑
|
||||
| Increased BUN and adequate SG | show 🗑
|
||||
| Increased BUN and inadequate SG (isosthenuric1008-1012, concentration of plasma | show 🗑
|
||||
| Low sensitivity and specificity | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | elevate.
🗑
|
||||
| show | BUN.
🗑
|
||||
| show | dietary protein.
🗑
|
||||
| show | ammonia by bacteria in the gut.
🗑
|
||||
| Ammonia diffuses across the gut into | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | urea.
🗑
|
||||
| Minor elevations of BUN | show 🗑
|
||||
| Liver disease | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Ammonia absorbed by the gut is not carried to the liver.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Increased glomerular filtration rate.
🗑
|
||||
| Creatinine | show 🗑
|
||||
| Excreted almost exclusively by glomerular filtration | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | creatinine.
🗑
|
||||
| show | creatinine.
🗑
|
||||
| Less influenced by non-renal factors then BUN | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Substances known as non-creatinine chromogens are sometimes present in the blood; false elevated levels.
🗑
|
||||
| show | muscle metabolism.
🗑
|
||||
| Creatinine is degradation product of | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | creatinine.
🗑
|
||||
| show | equilibrate throughout body BUN about 1,5 hrs.
🗑
|
||||
| Specific Gravity Solute concentration Defined | show 🗑
|
||||
| Measured by refractometer | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | tubular function.
🗑
|
||||
| Adequate concentration min SG that should occur with | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | > 1030.
🗑
|
||||
| show | >1035.
🗑
|
||||
| show | > 1025.
🗑
|
||||
| show | SG = 1008-1012.
🗑
|
||||
| SG Solute concentration is similar to | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | sg.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Unconcentrated.
🗑
|
||||
| show | dilutional function.
🗑
|
||||
| show | ALT, AST.
🗑
|
||||
| show | SDH, AST, GGT.
🗑
|
||||
| show | small animal.
🗑
|
||||
| show | ALT.
🗑
|
||||
| show | hepatocytes, muscle can infrequently contribute.
🗑
|
||||
| muscle contains modest amounts of | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | ALT.
🗑
|
||||
| mild to moderate muscle injurty unlikely to cause significant | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | ALT.
🗑
|
||||
| show | severity or reversibility.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Increased serum levels indicate cell injury cytosolic and mitochondrial.
🗑
|
||||
| AST highest values occur with severe | show 🗑
|
||||
| High activity in liver and muscle | show 🗑
|
||||
| high serum level can result from injury to either organ | show 🗑
|
||||
| must be used in combo with other tests ALT, SDH, CK muscle | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | AST.
🗑
|
||||
| show | AST.
🗑
|
||||
| SDH sorbitol dehydrogenase large and small increase indicates | show 🗑
|
||||
| T 1/2 very short minutes to hours | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | SDH.
🗑
|
||||
| useful to follow progression | show 🗑
|
||||
| helpful to determine if AST is increased because of muscle or liver injury | show 🗑
|
||||
| GGT gamma glutamyltransferase large animal increase mainly due to | show 🗑
|
||||
| T 1/2 = 3 days in horse | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | ALP, GGT, bilirubin, urine bilirubin.
🗑
|
||||
| show | ALP > GGT > urine bilirubin > serum bilirubin.
🗑
|
||||
| show | bound to hepatocellular membranes less in biliary cells chloestais marker.
🗑
|
||||
| T 1/2 dog = 3 days,cat = 6 hours,horse = between dog and cat, but more like cat | show 🗑
|
||||
| Not liver specific | show 🗑
|
||||
| found in liver | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | cALP in dog.
🗑
|
||||
| Drugs, steroids and anticuvulsants Phenobarbital | show 🗑
|
||||
| Interpretation of increased ALP- dog general | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | hALP, cALP.
🗑
|
||||
| show | pure cholestasis,pure isoenzyme induction corticosteroids, anticonvulsants,both cholestasis & isoenzyme induction.
🗑
|
||||
| must interpret ALP with other heptobiliary tests | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | any increase is significant =cholestasis.
🗑
|
||||
| show | short.
🗑
|
||||
| Feline liver ALP activity is | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | inducible enzyme bound to membranes of bile duct epithelial cells and , to a lesser extent hepatocytes.
🗑
|
||||
| show | GGT.
🗑
|
||||
| show | cholestatsis, but may increase with acute, severe injury.
🗑
|
||||
| T 1/2 = 3 days in horses probably in dog and cat | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | less sensitive indicators of cholestasis than ALP, GGT.
🗑
|
||||
| show | phagocytoses of senescent RBCs.
🗑
|
||||
| show | heme and globin.
🗑
|
||||
| show | amino acid constituents and recycled.
🗑
|
||||
| show | unconjugated bilirubin.
🗑
|
||||
| show | albumin and carried to liver.
🗑
|
||||
| conjugated by liver with glucuronic acid and excreted in | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | prehaptic, intrahepatic, or posthepatic causes.
🗑
|
||||
| show | hemolysis increased RBC breakdown, 75 unconjugated.
🗑
|
||||
| show | both conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin.
🗑
|
||||
| show | 75 conjugated bilirubin.
🗑
|
||||
| urine bilirubin only conjugated bilirubin passes the | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | cholestasis.
🗑
|
||||
| dog normally renal threshold for bilirubin is | show 🗑
|
||||
| cat high renal threshold urine bilirubin only present in | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | hepatic lipidosis or neoplasia OR vascular shunt that bypasses hepatocytes.
🗑
|
||||
| at least 70-80 of functional liver mass must be lost before signs and/or functional assays are altered | show 🗑
|
||||
| decreased BUN as compared to creatinine which is often unaffected, unless animal has | show 🗑
|
||||
| Can also see Decreased BUN with normal creatinine if | show 🗑
|
||||
| dec albumin from dec synthesis OTHER DDx | show 🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
alljacks
Popular Veterinary sets