Science 2019-20 Word Scramble
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| Term | Definition |
| Proteins that regulate cell check points | Retinoblastoma protein (pRb), p53, p21 |
| Proteins in BCL-2 Family | Bak, Bax, bcl-2 |
| Bak | Encourages apoptosis. Stimulated release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, activating classes, stimulating death |
| Bax | Encourages apoptosis. Stimulated release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, activating classes, stimulating death |
| Bcl-2 | Prevents apoptosis |
| Hyperplasia | Increase in number of normal cells |
| Dysplasia | Presence of cells that are abnormal but not cancer |
| Mutation in which gene causes Li-Fraumeni syndrome | p53 |
| Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin | Made by liver. Bonds to sex hormones to keep their levels regulated |
| Insulin-like growth factor 1 | Stimulates tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis |
| mSEPT9 | Involved in cell division. Form of this protein tested for in colon cancer blood tests. Found in colorectal cancer cells. |
| CA-125 | Cancer Antigen 125. Protein found in blood. Cancer cells secrete more of it |
| Carcinoma | In epithelial cells (skin, hollow organ lining, various tissues) |
| Basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas | Carcinomas in skin cells |
| Adenocarcinomas | Form in glandular cells in epithelial tissues that secrete fluids. (Some breast cancers, prostate cancer, lung sometimes, and pancreatic sometimes) |
| Melanoma | Melanocytes are cells that secrete melanin. Located in stratum basale (chemo resistant) |
| Sarcoma | Mesoderm turns into mesenchyme. Mesenchyme develops into connective tissue (bone, fat, cartilage, blood). Sarcomas=cancer from mesenchyme tissues. Rare but return and spread |
| Osteosarcoma | Bone sarcoma. High grade (usually in kids) divide a lot and donât resemble bone |
| Soft tissue sarcoma | Develop in muscle, fat, nervous tissue, and blood vessels |
| Lymphoma | Originate in white blood cells (lymphocytes). Hodgkins and non-hodgkins |
| Leukemia | Start in bone marrow or blood. Lymphoblastic come from immature white blood cells. Myeloid come from immature blood cells. White blood cell count increased |
| Blastoma | Come from immature cells in fetus. Genetically formed |
| Alkylating agents | Chemo type. Create bulk adduct. Create DNA damage cancer cell canât repair. P53 will then stimulate cell death. |
| Alkylating agents drawbacks | Doesnât work for p53 mutated cells. Bone marrow suppression |
| Antimetabolties | Chemo type. Look like components used in copying DNA during S phase. Interfere with DNA copying (block folic acid, insert themselves into dna (intercalation), block transcription, cause breaks in DNA) |
| Topoismerase inhibitors | Chemo type. Topoismerase enzymes prevent dna from supercooling. These stall replication machinery |
| Mitotic inhibitors | Chemo type. Block cells from doing mitosis. Bind to spindle apparatus, microtubules, and actin components |
Created by:
bramlgra000
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