Simple Mendelian Word Scramble
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| Term | Definition |
| pure bred | an individual that when crossed with itself or another pure bred of the same phenotype produces offspring with the exact same phenotype and genotype as the parents. True breeding. Homozygous |
| self | to cross an individual with itself. possible in plants like peas in Mendel's classic experiment |
| controlled cross | a forced mating experiment under the control of the researcher |
| outcross | crossing with an individual of a different phenotype and genotype |
| genotype | the genetic makeup of an individual. Homozygous or heterozygous |
| phenotype | the physical characteristic, physical appearance of an organism |
| law of segregation | Mendel's First Law. Because of anaphase I and the separation of homologous chromosomes, gametes will receive only one copy of an individual gene if produced by a diploid parent. Sexual fertilization from two parents restores offspring to being diploid. |
| law of independent assortment | Mendel's Second Law. Because of metaphase I, the segregation of gene A does not influence the segregation of gene B. Only true if genes are on separate chromosomes or very far apart on the same chromosome |
| monohybrid cross | crossing a heterozygous individual with another heterozygous individual for a single gene. Aa x Aa results in 3:1 phenotypic ratio and 1:2:1 genotypic ratio due to segregation |
| dihybrid cross | AaBb x AaBb --> 9:3:3:1 due to independent assortment |
| test cross | Any cross involving an individual with a dominant phenotype and an individual known to be homozygous recessive. AA x aa or Aa x aa. Results help to determine the genotype of the dominant parent |
| autosome | a chromosome that is not involved in sex determination |
| sex chromosome | a chromosome that carries genes that determine the sex of an individual. X and Y chromosomes or Z and W chromosomes |
Created by:
jthorns
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