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Endocrine Hormones

List of hormones, target organs, triggers, effects, etc.

HormoneSecreted byTriggerTarget TissueEffectsToo MuchToo Little
T3, T4 Thyroid TSH secreted by anterior pituitary gland in response to low T3, T4 serum levels All body tissue Increased availability of beta receptors, Controls: Metabolism, Caloric use, O2 consumption, CHO metabolism, Fat metabolism, Protein catabolism, Growth, Cell differentiation, Brain and CNS activity Hyperthyroid, Graves, Thyroid Storm Hypothyroid, Myxedema Coma
Calcitonin Thyroid High serum calcium Kidneys, bone Decreased serum calcium via: Inhibition of release of calcium, from bones/ bone resorption, Increased calcium storage in bone, Increased renal excretion of calcium n/a n/a
PTH Parathyroid glands Low serum calcium Bone, kidneys, small intestine Increased serum calcium via: Stimulation of bone resorption and inhibition of bone formation, Increased renal calcium absorption, Increased renal conversion of Calcidiol to Vitamin D, Increased calcium reabsorption from the GI tract Hyperparathyroid, hypercalcemia Hypoparathyroid, Hypocalcemia
Aldosterone Adrenal cortex ACTH from the anterior pituitary, renin-angiotensin, or high serum K Kidneys Sodium and water retention, Potassium excretion Hyperaldosterone, Conn's Addison's (in combination with Cortisol and Androgen decrease)
Androgen Adrenal cortex ACTH secreted from anterior pituitary Organs associated with secondary sex characteristics: breasts, vocal cords, anything not needed for reproduction Development of non-reproductive sex characteristics Adrenal hyperplasia, Gonadocorticoid excess Addison's (in combination with Cortisol and Androgen decrease)
Cortisol Adrenal cortex Hypothalamus releases CRH which triggers the anterior pituitary to release ACTH which acts on the adrenal cortex All body tissues that use glucose Glucose synthesis, Protein catabolism, Sodium and water retention, Potassium excretion, Inhibition of inflammatory response, Inhibition of immune response, Supports stress response/ creates feelings of well-being, Increases HCL in the stomach, Increases c Cushings Addison's (in combination with Cortisol and Androgen decrease)
Epinephrine/ Norepinephrine Adrenal medulla CNS triggers: Postural changes, Anxiety, Exercise, Increased intra- abdominal pressure, May be spontaneous Flight or fight mechanism, Cardiac, Respiratory, CNS Increased: Flight or fight, Heart rate, Respirations, BP, Vasoconstriction, Cardiac output, CNS action, Metabolism of glycogen to glucose Pheochromocytoma na
Growth Hormone (GH) Anterior pituitary (blank) Long bones, soft tissue Growth Adults- acromegaly, Kids- gigantism Adults- none, Kids- dwarfism
Anti-diuretic Hormone (ADH) Posterior pituitary Increased serum osmolality Kidneys Increased water reabsorption from renal tubules, Water retention, Decreased aldosterone, Decreased sodium absorption (hyponatremia), Vasoconstriction SIADH Diabetes Insipidus (DI)
Created by: ebadger
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