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Protein Synthesis
Term | Definition |
---|---|
nucleic acid | DNA and RNA are this type of biomolecule |
mRNA | carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome to make a protein |
rRNA | found on the ribosome |
tRNA | has an anticodon and brings in the amino acid |
RNA | single strand, contains uracil, has ribose sugar |
DNA | double strand, contains thymine, has deoxyribose sugar |
DNA and RNA | phosphate-sugar backbone, nucleic acids, adenine, guanine, cytosine, nucleotides |
transcription | DNA to mRNA |
translation | mRNA to protein |
replication | DNA to DNA |
mutation | change in the DNA sequence that affects the genetic information |
point mutation | substitution is an example; usually only affects one amino acid |
frameshift mutation | insertion and deletion are examples; usually changes entire message |
codon | three bases such as AGG |