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Renaissance
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Leonardo Da Vinci | amous painter, inventor, sculptor, mathematician, musician. As a painter Leonardo is best known for The Last Supper (c. 1495) and Mona Lisa (c. 1503). |
Michelangelo | (1475-1564) An Italian sculptor, painter, poet, engineer, and architect. Famous works include the mural on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, and the sculpture of the biblical character David. |
Donatello | (1386-1466) Sculptor. Probably exerted greatest influence of any Florentine artist before Michelangelo. His statues expressed an appreciation of the incredible variety of human nature. |
Raphael | (1483-1520) Italian Renaissance painter; he painted frescos, his most famous being The School of Athens. |
Renaissance | "rebirth"; following the Middle Ages, a movement that centered on the revival of interest in the classical learning of Greece and Rome |
humanism | A Renaissance intellectual movement in which thinkers studied classical texts and focused on human potential and achievements |
secular | Concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters |
patron | Granting favors or giving contracts or making appointments to office in return for political support |
perspective | An artistic technique that creates the appearance of three dimensions on a flat surface |
vernacular | Everyday speech; slang |
Machiavelli | 1469-1527. Italian political theorist whose book The Prince (1513) describes the achievement and maintenance of power by a determined ruler indifferent to moral considerations. |
Medici Family | Ruled Florence during the Renaissance, became wealthy from banking, spent a lot of money on art, controlled Florence for about 3 centuries |
William Shakespeare | (1564 - 1616) English poet and playwright considered one of the greatest writers of the English language; works include Julius Caesar, Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet, and Hamlet. |
Johann Gutenberg | German printer who was the first in Europe to print using movable type and the first to use a press (1400-1468) |
Thomas Moore | 1516 wrote Utopia about an imaginary land inhabited by a peace-loving people, an ideal place. In Utopia, greed, corruption, war, and crime had been weeded out. |
indulgence | A pardon given by the Roman Catholic Church in return for repentance for sins |
Reformation | A religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches |
Martin Luther | 95 Thesis, posted in 1517, led to religious reform in Germany, denied papal power and absolutist rule. Claimed there were only 2 sacraments: baptism and communion. |
Lutheran | Teachings of Martin Luther emphasizing the cardinal doctrine of justification by faith alone |
Peace of Augsburg | 1555 agreement declaring that the religion of each German state would be decided by its ruler |