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Review: Rock Test
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What are the 3 types of rocks? | sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic |
How does magma form igneous rocks? | inside the earth by cooling and hardening slowly |
What breaks down igneous rocks into sediments? | weathering from roots of plants, ice, running water, ice, wind, and gravity |
How can metamorphic rocks be changed into sedimentary rocks? | weathering (broken down) into sediment, eroded, deposited, compacted, and cemented with other sediment |
What changes sedimentary rock to metamorphic rock? | extreme heat and pressure |
What happens when minerals in igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks completely melt? | they are no longer rocks, but magma |
How can igneous rocks turn into metamorphic rocks? | extreme heat and pressure |
What two things must happen for sediments to turn into sedimentary rocks? | compaction and cementation |
What is the ONLY rock that can form directly from magma? Why? | Igneous, because metamorphic rocks are existing rock that are changed from heat and pressure, sedimentary have nothing to do with lava or magma directly |
What kind of rocks can be changed to form metamorphic rocks? | All types (sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic) |
When magma cools BELOW the earth's surface, what rock forms? | intrusive igneous rock |
When lava cool ABOVE the earth's surface, what rock forms? | extrusive igneous rock |
How do changes in the rock cycle support the law of conservation of matter? | There is no new "rocks/matter" created. The matter of the rocks is not destroyed only recycled. |
What is the model that illustrates the processes that create and change rocks? | the rock cycle |
What is magma that reaches the Earth's surface and flows from volcanoes? | lava |
Why is the rock cycle considered a cycle? | Cycle is from the word meaning circle. Like a circle, the rock cycle never ends. |
What characteristics makes igneous rocks so different from sedimentary and metamorphic rocks? | formed by cooling and hardening of magma (below the earth) and lava (above the earth) and forms crystals. |
Why are sedimentary rocks most common in our area? | There are no volcanoes to form igneous rocks and no plate boundaries to form metamorphic rocks. |
What are characteristics of a sedimentary rocks? | generally have layers, with bits of rock fragments, and the remains of plants and animals. |
What are characteristics of metamorphic rocks? | have grains that appear as bent or twisted layers |