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education theorists

praxis educational theories

TermDefinition
Albert Bandura Observational Learning Theory-- Behavior can be learned through observation of others.
Jerome Bruner Constructivist Theory-- Individuals actively construct knowledge by comparing new ideas or concepts with their current knowledge (schema or mental models).
John Dewey Learning by Doing-- Learning occurs through experience.
Jean Piaget Genetic Epistemology-- Developmental stages of child development: 0-2 years: "sensorimotor" - motor development 3-7 years: "preoperation" - intuitive 8-11 years: "concrete operational" - logical, but non-abstract
Lev Vygotsky Social interaction is critical for cognitive development. Related to this is the idea of a "Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)." Skills that can be performed with assistance.The ZPD is the theoretical basis for scaffolding.
Howard Gardner Multiple Intelligences-- Each individual possesses seven distinct and measurable forms of intelligence: linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, body-kinesthetic, musical, intrapersonal, and interpersonal.
Abraham Maslow Hierarchy of Needs -- The five levels of needs, from lowest to highest, are: physiological, safety, love, esteem, self-actualization. Lower level needs must be satisfied before the individual can move on to satisfy higher level needs.
B.F. Skinner Operant condition (Behavior). Learning is the result of changes in behavior. as stimulus-response cycles are reinforced, individuals are "conditioned" to respond. Distinguished from connectionism because individuals can initiate responses.
Erik Erikson Socioemotional Development: "eight stages of man" describes a series of crisis individuals pass through at different ages.The stages begin with "trust versus mistrust" in infancy and continue through a series of paired outcomes for each age through adult
Created by: dchristensen
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