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RBT Flashcards (C1)
RBT Flashcards (First part of Section C)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Give some examples of unconditioned reinforcers for humans | Water, food, sex, warmth when cold, coolness when hot |
| Explain how to create a new conditioned reinforcer | After the organism does a response, deliver the neutral stimulus and then the unconditioned reinforcer. Repeat this many times. Also called pairing |
| What are the steps of a discrete trial? | *Get student's attention *Deliver instruction *Prompt if necessary *Wait for response *Consequate based on correctness *Take data |
| What does naturalistic teaching look like? | Joining the learner when he/she is already doing something they enjoy and then sneaking in discrete trials as you sit with them. Praise, but not tokens are usually the consequence |
| Give an example of naturalistic teaching | You can give any example (e.g. A child is playing with his fire truck and you say "What color is that?" and he says "Red" and you say "That's right!") |
| How do DTT and naturalistic differ in terms of learner motivation? | In DTT, the learner is usually working to earn a "contrived" reward. In naturalistic, the motivator is the learner's natural interest in the item or activity he/she is engaging with |
| What is a task analysis? | Looking at a complex task and breaking it down into specific steps |
| How do you decide how many steps you need to break a task into? | It depends on your learner. Try breaking it down into a reasonable number of steps and then test it on your learner. If they struggle with certain steps, you need to break them down into smaller steps |
| When should you use backwards chaining? | When completing the task leads to a big reinforcer |
| When should you use forward chaining? | When completing the task doesn't lead to a big reinforcer |
| When should you use total task chaining? | When the learner can already do at least 50% of the steps independently |
| What is forward chaining? | Start with them just doing the first step and then add more and more steps as you see success |
| What is backward chaining? | Start with them just doing the last step and then add second to last step, etc. as you see success |
| What is total task chaining? | Allow them to complete the whole task, with you giving prompting and reinforcement when appropriate |
| Give an example of when you would use backward chaining | You can give any example (e.g. making a sandwich because completing the task leads to getting to eat a sandwich) |
| How do you implement forward chaining? | Have them do step 1, prompt if necessary, reinforce with a contrived reinforcer if correct, then let them be done with the task. You can finish the rest of the steps for them. Next, have them do steps 1 and 2, then 1, 2 and 3, and so on |
| How do you implement backward chaining? | For a 10 step task, have them do step 10, then let them contact the big reinforcer. Then steps 9 and 10, then 8, 9 and 10, and so on |
Created by:
Cambam
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