click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
RN Pharmacology
Pharmacology cards for our ATI exam
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Levothyroxine | Thyroid hormone - treats thyroid disorders |
Lisinopril | ACE inhibitor - widens blood vessels to allow blood to flow more freely |
Atorvastatin | HMG CoA reductase inhibitors, or "statins." - reduces levels of "bad" cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein, or LDL) and triglycerides in the blood, while increasing levels of "good" cholesterol (high-density lipoprotein, or HDL). |
Metformin | Oral antihyperglycemic - Metformin decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose, and improves insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization. |
Simvastatin | HMG CoA reductase inhibitors, or "statins." - reduces levels of "bad" cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein, or LDL) and triglycerides in the blood, while increasing levels of "good" cholesterol (high-density lipoprotein, or HDL). |
Hydrocodone/Acetaminophen | Semi-synthetic opioid agonist - therapeutic action of hydrocodone is analgesia. Hydrocodone produces respiratory depression by direct action on brain stem respiratory centers. |
Metoprolol | β-Adrenergic blocking agents (β-blockers) - Management of hypertension, slows pulse, lessens force, relaxes blood vessels |
Amlodipine | Calcium channel blocker - dilates (widens) blood vessels and improves blood flow |
Omeprazole | Proton pump inhibitors - decreases the amount of acid produced in the stomach |
Albuterol | Bronchodilator - relaxes muscles in the airways and increases air flow to the lungs |
Antidote for Acetaminophen | N-acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) |
Antidote for Anticholinesterases | Atropine |
Antidote for Anticholinergic agents | Physostigmine |
Antidote for Heparin | Protamine Sulfate |
Antidote for Coumadin/Warfarin | Vitamin K |
Antidote for Benzodiazepines | Flumazenil (romazicon) |
Antidote for Beta-Blockers | Glucagon |
Antidote for Calcium Channel Blockers | Glucagon |
Antidote for Cyclophosphamide | Mesna |
Antidote for Digoxin | Digoxin immune Fab (digibind) |
Antidote for Doxorubicin | Dexrazoxane |
Antidote for Fluorouracil | Leucovorin calcium |
Antidote for Iron | Deferoxamine (desferal) |
Antidote for Isoniazid | Pyridoxine |
Antidote for Methotrexate | Leucovorin calcium |
Antidote for Opiates | Naloxone (Narcan) Nalmefene (revex) |
Antidote for Tricyclic antidepressants | Sodium bicarbonate, physotigmine |
-olol | Beta Blocker |
-alol -ilol | Beta Blocker + something else |
-dipine | Vascular Calcium Channel Blocker |
-zosin | Alpha-1 blocker |
-pril | ACE inhibitor |
-sartan | Angiotensin receptor antagonist |
-darone | Antiarrhythmic |
-statin | HMW CoA Reductase Inhibitor |
-zolamide | Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor |
-semide | Loop Diuretic |
-parin | Low Molecular Weight Heparins |
-rudin | Direct Thrombin Inhibitor |
-rubicin | Cancer medication |
-mab | Monoclonal Antibody Medication |
-tinib | Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor |
-penum | Cell wall inhibitor |
-floxacin | Fluroquinolone |
-conazole | Antifungal |
-quine | Antimalarial |
-ovir | Antiviral (Herpes) |
-ivir | Antiviral (Influenza) |
-avir | Antiviral (AIDS/HIV) |
-tidine | H2 blocker |
-prazole | Proton pump inhibitor |
-glitazone | PPAR Gamma activators (Diabetes) |
-gliptin | DPP-4 Inhibitors (Diabetes) |
-setron | Antiemetic |
-chol | Muscarinic Agonist |
-trop- Scop- | Muscarinic Blocker |
-stigmine | Achase Inhibitor |
-curium -curonium | Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blocker |
-ane | Inhaled Anesthetic |
-caine | Local anesthetic |
-pam -lam | Benzodiazepine |
-tal | Barbiturate |
Nal...-one | Opiod Antagonist |
-zine | Typical antipsychotic or antihistamine |
-apine -idone | Atypical Antipsychotic |
-capone | COMT inhibitor for Parkinson's Disease |
Lispro: Onset & Peak | Onset: 15-30 mins Peak: 0.5 - 2.5 hours |
Regular Insulin: Onset & Peak | Onset: 30-60 mins Peak: 1 - 5 hours |
NPH: Onset & Peak | Onset: 60 - 120 mins Peak: 6 - 14 hours |
Lantus: Onset | Onset: 70 mins No Peak effect |
ACE Inhibitors: Purpose | Lowers blood pressure and allows blood to flow more easily from heart |
Antiarrythmics: Purpose | Controls irregular heartbeat |
Antiplatelet Medication: Purpose | To thin blood and help prevent and dissolve clots in arteries and stents |
Aspirin: Purpose | To prevent and dissolve clots in the arteries |
Beta-Blocker: Purpose | To lower blood pressure and heart rate |
Thrombolytics: Purpose | To restore blood flow during a heart attack or stroke and to break up blood clots in the legs |
Anticoagulants: Purpose | To prevent blood clots from forming in the arteries and heart |
Digoxin: Purpose | To improve your heart's ability to pump blood and helps to slow down an irregular heartbeat |
Statins: Purpose | To lower your cholesterol level and reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes |
Diuretics: Purpose | To lower blood pressure |
Vasodilators: Purpose | To widen the blood vessels to increase the flow of blood and lower blood pressure |
Foods to avoid when taking ACE inhibitors | Potassium-containing salt substitutes |
Foods to avoid when taking Ampicillin | Carbonated beverages, acidic juices |
Foods to avoid when taking Aspirin | Feverfew, ginkgo, green tea |
Foods to avoid when taking Barbiturates | Valerian |
Foods to avoid when taking Calcium-channel blockers | Grapefruit juice |
Foods to avoid when taking Cloxacillin | Carbonated beverages, acidic juices |
Foods to avoid when taking Cyclosporine | Grapefruit juice, potassium-containing salt substitute |
Foods to avoid when taking Digoxin | High-fiber foods and meals |
Foods to avoid when taking Enteric-coated pills | Milk, hot beverages, alcohol |
Foods to avoid when taking Fluroquinolones | Foods high in calcium, iron, or zinc |
Foods to avoid when taking Hemorrhoid medications | Saw palmetto |
Foods to avoid when taking Indomethacin | Potassium-containing salt substitute |
Foods to avoid when taking Isoniazid | High-carbohydrate foods |
Foods to avoid when taking Levodopa | Excess protein |
Foods to avoid when taking Lithium | Significant increase or decrease in sodium intake |
Foods to avoid when taking MAO inhibitors | Foods containing Tyramine |
Foods to avoid when taking Methyldopa | Excess protein |
Foods to avoid when taking NSAIDs | Asian gingseng, ginkgo |
Foods to avoid when taking Penicillin G | Carbonated beverages, acidic juices |
Foods to avoid when taking Phenytoin | Excess protein |
Foods to avoid when taking Potassium-sparing diuretics | Potassium-containing salt substitute |
Foods to avoid when taking -statin medications | Grapefruit and grapefruit juice |
Foods to avoid when taking Tetracycline | Iron-rich food or supplements, calcium |
Foods to avoid when taking Theophylline | Excess protein |
Foods to avoid when taking Warfarin | Vitamin K- rich foods and supplements, asian ginseng, feverfew, garlic, ginger, ginkgo, St. John's wort, green tea |
Foods to avoid when taking Zidovudine | Excess fat |