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Heat Transfer
Energy - Part 2
Term | Definition |
---|---|
thermal energy | the energy a an object has due to the motion of its particles |
convection | the process by which energy is transferred in gases and liquids, occurring when a warmer less dense area is pushed up by a cooler more dense area. (currents/circles) |
radiation | energy that travels across distances in the form of electromagnetic waves |
conduction | the process by which energy is transferred from a warmer object to a cooler object by means of physical contact. (touch) |
temperature | a measure of the average amount of kinetic energy of the particles in an object |
thermometer | a tool used for measuring temperature |
kinetic theory of matter | states that all matter is made of particles in motion |
thermal expansion | a property that allows most matter to expand when their temperature rises |
specific heat | the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius. |
heat transfer | the flow of energy from an object at a higher temperature to an object at a lower temperature |
thermal conductor | a material that transfers heat easily ( lets heat out) |
thermal insulator | a material that does not transfer energy easily ( holds heat in) |
calorie | the amount of energy needed to increase the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celcius |
joule | a unit used to measure energy and work. One calorie is equal to 4.18 joules of energy. |
transparent | light easily pass through |
opaque | light can not pass through |
translucent | some light can pass through |
electrical conductors | a medium through which an electric current will flow |
electrical insulators | a material that lacks movable electric charges; therefore it does not allow electricity through |
electromagnetic waves | a wave of vibrating electric and magnetic fields |
contraction | to reduce in size |